Psychosocial correlates of physical activity in adolescents with haemophilia

Abstract

Boys with haemophilia are now encouraged to exercise and take part in physical activities, but actual measures of time spent in active participation is lacking. The aim of this study was to obtain an objective measure of daily physical activity in boys with haemophilia as compared with healthy controls. The study also aimed to ascertain the social and cognitive factors associated with exercise in this population. Seventeen patients (aged 11-18 years) with haemophilia were studied and compared with 44 healthy controls (aged 10-16.5 years). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Psychosocial correlates were assessed using validated questionnaires. Measured physical activity levels in subjects with haemophilia were slightly higher than for the control group. Both groups spent 70% of the day inactive, with similar proportions of time in moderate and vigorous activity. Subjects with haemophilia had a favourable self-image and similar levels of anxiety as peers without a bleeding disorder. Self-efficacy scores were lower than for controls suggesting increased sensitivity to barriers and lack of acceptance of alternatives. Health beliefs did not influence physical activity, but a negative correlation of time spent in high or vigorous activity with scores for support-seeking was observed. The data demonstrate that in the appropriate social environment and with medical support, patients with haemophilia may be as physically active as their peers without a bleeding disorder. Further investigation into the psychosocial barriers of physical activity in patients with haemophilia is needed to more effectively encourage healthy behaviours.

Balance, falls, and exercise: Beliefs and experiences in people with hemophilia: A qualitative study

“…There are conflicting data in the literature about the amount of exercise regularly performed by people with hemophilia,9, 11, 12 and boys and teens with hemophilia report barriers to exercise and are unsure of options 12…”

The role of physical medicine and rehabilitation in haemophiliac patients

“…Physical exercise and taking part in sports improves not only a patients' physical well being but also their psychological and emotional state. Although patients with haemophilia still experience psychosocial barriers to physical activity, with the right social environment and medical support, they can be as physically active as healthy people of the same age [48]. This positively influences the perception of patients about their quality of life.…”

Outcome measures monitoring physical function in children with haemophilia: a systematic review

“…Workload increased according to established protocol every minute until exhaustion Maximum oxygen uptake (L min À1 ) normalized to body mass (mL min À1 kg À1 ); mean and maximum work (W) normalized to body mass (W kg À1 ); maximum heart rate (beats min À1 ) Broderick et al [30] Repeated 20-m shuttle runs in decreasing time frame Quantitative performance of each item (e.g. Subsection scores are summed creating a total impairment score to determine overall performance (continued) eight studies compared outcomes with age-matched normally developing controls, one [32] also evaluated different levels of disease severity; 13 studies compared outcomes of haemophilic children to age-related normative data, six also examined the influence of disease severity; one study [22] compared the affected and unaffected limbs. body posture) are recorded using standard cues.…”

“…Stephensen et al [14] 0 N/A + + 6-Minute walk test (6MWT) Douma-van Riet et al [15] + N/A 0 + Hassan et al [16] 0 N/A 0 + Maximum muscle strength Falk et al [17] 0 N/A 0 + Schoenmakers et al [18] 0 N/A 0 + Falk et al [19] 0 N/A 0 + Engelbert et al [20] 0 N/A 0 + Douma-van Riet et al [15] 0 N/A + À Koiter et al [21] 0 N/A 0 À Tiktinski et al [22] À N/A + + Stephensen et al [23] 0 N/A + + Joint range of motion Klukowska et al [24] + N/A 0 0 Schoenmakers et al [18] 0 N/A 0 À Soucie et al [25] 0 N/A 0 + Douma-van Riet et al [15] 0 N/A + À Garcia et al [26] 0 N/A 0 + Koiter et al [21] 0 N/A 0 À Bernal-Lagunas et al [27] 0 N/A 0 + Soucie et al [28] 0 N/A 0 + Maximal aerobic capacity Falk et al [17] 0 N/A 0 + Van der Net et al [29] À N/A 0 0 Engelbert et al [20] 0 N/A 0 + Douma-van Riet et al [15] À N/A 0 À Broderick et al [30] À N/A 0 À Groen et al [51] 0 N/A 0 À Physical activityaccelerometry Buxbaum et al [32] 0…”