Psychosocial correlates of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use: findings from a Nigerian university

Adelekan, Moruf L.; Abiodun, Olatunji A.; Imouokhome-Obayan, Aize O.; Oni, Gbolahan A.; Ogunremi, O. O.

doi:10.1016/0376-8716(93)90111-3

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This finding of alcohol being the most commonly used drug conforms with the national pattern[19] and agrees with studies among students populations within Nigeria[51218] and abroad. [2528] This perhaps reflects the easy availability of this substance in many parts of the world except areas where it is prohibited on religious grounds. In many places, alcohol is generally not considered as a drug and its use is socially accepted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who guards the guards: Drug use pattern among medical students in a Nigerian University

Akinhanmi

Ogunwale

2014

Ann Med Health Sci Res

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Background:Several studies have examined the prevalence and pattern of substance use among medical students in Nigeria. Few of these studies have specifically examined the relationship between the psychological distress and psychoactive substance use among these students. Yet, evidence world-wide suggests that substance use among medical students might be on the rise and may be related to the level of stress among them.Aim:The present study is the first study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and factors associated with psychoactive substance use among medical students of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria.Subjects and Methods:The World Health Organization student drug use questionnaire was used to evaluate for substance use among 246 clinical medical students between September and October 2011. General health questionnaire (GHQ) 12 was used to assess for psychological distress among these students. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 16. (Chicago, USA). Proportions were compared using the Chi-square test while a value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Fisher exact test was used instead of Chi-square when the number in the cell is less than 5.Results:Lifetime prevalence of substance use among medical students was 65% (165/246). It was found that the most commonly used substances were alcohol 63.4% (156/246), mild stimulants 15.6% (38/246), tobacco 15% (37/246) and sedatives 6.1% (15/246). Substance use was associated with gender, frequency of participation in religious activities and GHQ scores.Conclusion:Psychoactive substance use is a major problem among medical students. Psychological well-being plays a significant role in substance use among these students. There is a need for adequate screening and assessment for substance use disorders among these students and incorporating stress management strategies in their curriculum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who guards the guards: Drug use pattern among medical students in a Nigerian University

Akinhanmi

Ogunwale

2014

Ann Med Health Sci Res

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“…Studies in Nigeria, South Africa, and Israel have shown that children from polygamous families have higher rates of behavioural and school problems. 10–12 19 20 Studies in North and South America have shown strong associations between adolescent sexual behaviour and interpersonal family relationships, the education, presence, and expectations of parents, and the connectedness of the adolescents to parents and school. 17 21–26…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polygamy, defined as the marriage of one husband to two or more wives simultaneously, is one of the most striking differences, with 30-50% of adults in Nigeria reporting current or past polygamy 9. Compared with families in which the parents are monogamous, in families in Africa with a polygamous structure the age at which female children first get married is lower, the age difference between spouses is greater, husbands and wives have completed fewer years of school, children have more problems related to school, and adolescents have more substance misuse 10–14. No studies published in Nigeria or elsewhere, however, have explored the effects of polygamy on adolescent sexual behaviour or reproductive health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual behaviour of adolescents in Nigeria: cross sectional survey of secondary school students

Slap

Lot²,

Huang³

et al. 2003

BMJ

126

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“…Tau is a group of microtubule-associated proteins expressed predominantly in axons [7, 8]. Hyperphosphorylated Tau is observed in the developing fetal brain and in the AD brain [9-12]. In both cases, some neurons are degenerating, suggesting that the phosphorylation of Tau may directly or indirectly play a part in neuronal cell death through the destabilization of microtubules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Turmeric Extract Reduces ?-Amyloid and Phosphorylated Tau Protein Burden in Alzheimer's Transgenic Mice

Shytle

Tan

Bickford

et al. 2012

CAR

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In a previous in vitro study, the standardized turmeric extract, HSS-888, showed strong inhibition of Aβ aggregation and secretion in vitro, indicating that HSS-888 might be therapeutically important. Therefore, in the present study, HSS-888 was evaluated in vivo using transgenic ‘Alzheimer’ mice (Tg2576) over-expressing Aβ protein. Following a six-month prevention period where mice received extract HSS-888 (5mg/mouse/day), tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) or a control through ingestion of customized animal feed pellets (0.1% w/w treatment), HSS-888 significantly reduced brain levels of soluble (~40%) and insoluble (~20%) Aβ as well as phosphorylated Tau protein (~80%). In addition, primary cultures of microglia from these mice showed increased expression of the cytokines IL-4 and IL-2. In contrast, THC treatment only weakly reduced phosphorylated Tau protein and failed to significantly alter plaque burden and cytokine expression. The findings reveal that the optimized turmeric extract HSS-888 represents an important step in botanical based therapies for Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting or improving plaque burden, Tau phosphorylation, and microglial inflammation leading to neuronal toxicity.

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Psychosocial correlates of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use: findings from a Nigerian university

Cited by 52 publications

References 10 publications

Who guards the guards: Drug use pattern among medical students in a Nigerian University

Who guards the guards: Drug use pattern among medical students in a Nigerian University

Sexual behaviour of adolescents in Nigeria: cross sectional survey of secondary school students

Optimized Turmeric Extract Reduces ?-Amyloid and Phosphorylated Tau Protein Burden in Alzheimer's Transgenic Mice

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