Psychosocial changes following retirement

Abstract

This study was designed to: (a) identify the perceptions of retirees about changes in their life patterns during retirement; (b) investigate the kinds of adjustment problems occurring in retirement as a basis for developing prevention oriented pre-retirement programs; and (c) identify extant factors which could demonstrate underlying themes relating to retirement adjustment. A 72-item, multiple response questionnaire was used to gather demographic data, information on use of time, pre-retirement planning, health problems, changing life patterns, and adjustment to retirement. It is the latter which is reported in these findings. The population included 1565 retirees from a designated company living in the south-eastern United States of America, with a response of 764 subjects (48.82%). Findings suggest the respondents were generally healthy and well adjusted; however, numerous adjustment problem areas were identified within the six life patterns. Additional factor analysis (principal components) demonstrated four factors of particular importance: satisfaction with retirement, retirement concerns, spousal relationships, and pre-retirement preparation outcomes.

Adjustment Process in Retired Iranian Nurses

“…They can deal with their changed status and devote more time to their families (40). Planning and selection of fun activities had an important role in adjustment to retirement, and retired individuals who participated in leisure activities had greater satisfaction with their life (50). Work made them self-confident, and in the Crisis Theory of Rosow and Miller, work is the center of one's personal ability (36,37).…”

Impact of retirement on risky driving behavior and attitudes towards road safety among a large cohort of French drivers (the GAZEL cohort)

“…As normal retirement represents a relinquishing of demanding or stressful career jobs, work pressures, responsibilities, and work constraints (20), prospectively assessing behavioral and attitudinal changes after this major life change represents an opportunity to evaluate the influence of professional activity on road traffic accidents. The objective of this longitudinal study was to investigate changes in driving behavior and attitudes towards road safety after normal retirement in a large cohort of road users in diverse professional trades.…”

Retirement: What will you do? A narrative inquiry of occupation‐based planning for retirement: Implications for practice

“…Numerous concepts have been used to define retirement populations. Such concepts include specific retirement ages, level of income derived from the age pension or the amount of time devoted to the paid workforce (full‐time versus part‐time; Atchley, 1976; Jonsson, Josephsson & Kielhofner, 2000b, 2001; Jonsson, Kielhofner & Borell, 1997; Rosenkoetter & Garris, 1998). In this Australia‐based retirement study, such definitions are considered problematic for three key reasons.…”

“…Several studies report a positive relationship between retirement planning and successful or easier retirement transition; however, the factors contributing to higher levels of retirement satisfaction are not clearly evident (e.g. Anderson & Weber, 1993; Rosenkoetter & Garris, 1998, 2001; Rosenkoetter, Garris & Engdahl, 2001; Sharpley & Layton, 1998).…”

“…Work, it is argued, satisfies the basic human needs of people to utilise skills and knowledge, to occupy time, to develop social relationships, self‐image and identity and to establish an individual’s status within a community (Gingold, 1992; Jonsson & Andersson). Consequently, the retirement transition has been found to impact significantly on, or interrupt, daily routines, social relationships, roles (familial and societal), self‐esteem, social supports and time use (Rosenkoetter & Garris, 1998, 2001; Rosenkoetter et al. , 2001).…”