Psychosocial aspects and support networks associated with disability in two longevous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Nóbrega, Júlia Cristina Leite; Medeiros, Juliana Barbosa; Freitas, Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva; Silva, Jaíza M M; Simões, Raisa Fernandes Mariz; Olinda, Ricardo Alves de; Santos, J L; Menezes, Tarciana Nobre de; Duarte, Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira; Zatz, Mayana; Matheson, David; Santos, Silvana

doi:10.1186/s12877-022-02810-4

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…A similar pattern was noticed among those 80-years-old or older in Brejo dos Santos, in Paraíba, where there is a high rate of consanguineous marriages [ 11 ]. In this population from the Northeast of Brazil, differences were also described in relation to factors associated with functional capacity [ 12 , 13 ] and health-related quality of life [ 14 ] when compared to São Paulo, in the Southeast of the country, suggesting that there were regional differences in the health indicators of oldest-old populations in Brazil.…”

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confidence: 98%

Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people

et al. 2022

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Background Few studies have explored regional asymmetries and their implications for health policies regarding episodes of falls among the population of ≥80 years old in continental and developing countries like Brazil with deep inequalities and sociocultural differences. Objective To evaluate the occurrence of falls and their association with functional capacity and nutritional status in the longest oldest-old living in two municipalities in the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, with primary data collection in which were included in the research seniors aged 80 years or more, of both sexes, belonging to two Brazilian municipalities of discrepant socioeconomic aspects. The dependent variable was the occurrence of falls in the last year. The independent variables were grouped into demographic aspects, functional capacity and nutritional status. To identify variables that contribute to the occurrence of falls, the multiple logistic regression model, adopts a significance level of 5%. Results The sample was composed of 415 oldest-old adults. From the total, 32.3% reported having fallen in the last year, 24.7% in Brejo dos Santos and 37.8% in São Paulo. Among the former population, the mean value of walking speed for those who had falls was 0.27 m/s and for those who had no occurrence of falls was 0.33 m/s; and, among the seniors from São Paulo, the mean values were 0.51 m/s and 0.58 m/s, respectively. Significant correlations between walking speed and falls were verified for both populations, showing that the lower the walking speed, the higher the predisposition to falls. In the final regression model, the occurrence of falls was associated with moderate balance (OR = 5.28; CI: 1.11–25.18) among the longevous people Brejo dos Santos and with very poor functional performance (OR = 16.09; CI:1.46–177.06) among those from São Paulo. Conclusion The results pointed out a lower prevalence of falls in longevous people from Brejo dos Santos than in those from São Paulo and differences regarding the associated factors, showing heterogeneity between the two populations; indicating the need for public policies and effective programmes aimed at preventing falls based on the maintenance or increase of functional capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people

et al. 2022

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Prevalence and correlates of loneliness and social isolation in the oldest old: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression

Hajek,

Volkmar,

König

2023

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Conducting a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression regarding the prevalence and correlates of loneliness and social isolation amongst the community-dwelling and institutionalised oldest old (80 years and over). Methods Three electronic databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL and Medline) were searched, including studies from inception to January 5, 2023. An additional hand search was conducted by checking included studies’ references, and studies that cited included studies. We included observational studies describing the prevalence and (ideally) the correlates of loneliness, or social isolation, amongst individuals aged 80 years and over. Study design, operationalization of loneliness and social isolation, statistical analysis, characteristics of the sample and key findings were extracted. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. Results We included 22 studies. The estimated prevalence of severe loneliness was 27.1% (95% CI: 23.7–30.4%). The estimated prevalence of moderate loneliness equalled 32.1% (95% CI: 15.8–48.4%). Moreover, the estimated prevalence of social isolation was 33.6% (95% CI: 28.9–38.2%). There was heterogeneity between the studies. Egger tests suggest the absence of potential publication bias. Meta-regressions showed that the heterogeneity could neither be attributed to the assessment of loneliness nor to the continent where the study was conducted. Conclusion Loneliness and social isolation are important problems in the oldest old. In this age group, studies are required, in particular from regions outside Europe. Additionally, longitudinal studies are required to investigate the determinants of loneliness and social isolation amongst individuals aged 80 years and over. Studies using more sophisticated tools to quantify loneliness and social isolation are required.

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Loneliness and Functional Decline in Aging: A Systematic Review

Pollak¹,

Blumen²

2023

Research in Gerontological Nursing

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Loneliness is prevalent in adults aged ≥65 years in the United States and is associated with functional decline. The purpose of the current review was to synthesize evidence on the relationship between loneliness and functional decline using Roy's Adaptation Model as a theoretical framework. A comprehensive review of PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases was performed. Inclusion criteria were samples including adults primarily aged >60 years, peer-reviewed, published in the English language, and included a measure for loneliness and function. A total of 47 studies were analyzed. Most studies examined correlates, risk factors, and predictors of loneliness, rather than the relationship between loneliness and function. Evidence suggests there is bidirectionality in the relationship between loneliness and functional decline. Loneliness is associated with functional decline in aging via multiple possible pathways. Further studies are needed to determine causality and biological mechanisms underlying the relationship. [ Research in Gerontological Nursing, xx (x), xx–xx.]

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Psychosocial aspects and support networks associated with disability in two longevous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people

Regional differences regarding the occurrence of falls and associated factors in two populations of Brazilian longevous people

Prevalence and correlates of loneliness and social isolation in the oldest old: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression

Loneliness and Functional Decline in Aging: A Systematic Review

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