Psychosocial and behavioral factors differentiating past drinkers and life-long abstainers.

Eward, A M; Wolfe, R.; Moll, Patricia P.; Harburg, Ernest

doi:10.2105/ajph.76.1.68

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Past heavy drinkers and lifebehavior factors. [17][18][19] In particular, former heavy consumers of alcohol may have stopped drinking due to their increased morbidity, which might lead to biased associations between alcohol intake and stroke when current nondrinkers are used as the reference group. However, in earlier studies,4'16 the J-or U-shaped relation between drinking and stroke has held true even after taking into account this potential source of bias, suggesting that it is not an artifactual finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular light-to-moderate intake of alcohol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Is there a beneficial effect?

Palomäki

Kaste

1993

Stroke

100

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Background and Purpose: To evaluate the association between different patterns of alcohol consumption and the risk of ischemic stroke in young or middle-aged men.Methods: One hundred fifty-six patients and 153 control subjects were included in this case-control study. The pattern and the estimated average weekly intake of alcohol were assessed using a structured questionnaire. The pattern of drinking was defined as regular (daily or almost daily) or irregular (up to three times per week), and the weekly amount of consumption was defined as nondrinking, light-tomoderate drinking (up to 150 g/wk), moderate drinking (>150 to 300 g/wk), and heavy drinking (>300 g/wk). Multiple stepwise logistic regression models were used, and adjustments were carried out for potential confounders.Results: Heavy alcohol intake associated with an increased risk of stroke (odds ratio, 4.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 18.1), whereas the risk tended to be reduced in light-to-moderate drinkers (odds ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 1.05). Accounting for the pattern of alcohol intake in addition to the average weekly amount in grams, regular light-to-moderate drinking showed a significant inverse association with stroke (odds ratio, 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.02 to 0.65), and an irregular pattern of consumption attenuated this association. Based on the same multivariate analyses, other significant independent risk factors for stroke were arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and history of snoring, whereas the contributions of age, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and body mass index proved to be nonsignificant.Conclusions: Light-to-moderate alcohol intake appears to have an inverse association with the risk of ischemic stroke. The beneficial effect appears to be most prominent if the consumption of alcohol is regular and evenly distributed throughout the week, whereas a sporadic or an occasional pattern of drinking seems to weaken the association. This study also supports the role of heavy drinking as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. (Stroke. 1993;24:1828-1832 KEY WORDs * alcohol drinking * cerebral ischemia * risk factors

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular light-to-moderate intake of alcohol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Is there a beneficial effect?

Palomäki

Kaste

1993

Stroke

100

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“…Nondrinking status was usually left undefined, but probably included abstainers and ex-drinkers, groups that are known to differ in many ways, including prevalence of ill health. 16 ' 17 Conclusions drawn from studies that failed to differentiate between abstainers and exdrinkers should be regarded with caution. For example, if alcohol consumption has a positive association with stroke and if alcohol effects are long-term, inclusion of ex-drinkers in the referent group would tend to underestimate RR at all levels of alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate alcohol consumption and stroke. The epidemiologic evidence.

Camargo

1989

Stroke

244

108

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An extensive search of the English-language literature identified 62 epidemiologic studies that examined the relation between moderate alcohol consumption and risk of stroke. Moderate drinking (<60 g ethanol/day) and ischemic stroke have a complex association that might be explained by interaction with race; a J-shaped association has been found in predominantly white populations, while little (if any) association has been found among Japanese. By contrast, moderate drinking increases risk of both intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in diverse populations. There is insufficient epidemiologic evidence to conclude whether recent alcohol use affects risk of either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. These distinctive associations help explain contradictory reports on the relation between moderate alcohol consumption and risk of "stroke."The high prevalence of alcohol use throughout the world suggests opportunities for primary prevention and the importance of continued research in this area. {Stroke 1989;20:1611-1626)

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“…Persons who report themselves to be current abstainers are often former heavy drinkers (63). Former drinkers (regardless of amount of alcohol consumed) are more likely to be male, to be smokers, and to exhibit a variety of psychopathological characteristics than are life-long abstainers (21). The intermittent nature of binge drinking (15) may result in some binge drinkers being assigned to zero alcohol consumption groups because they have not consumed alcohol during the several week period being assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Modest Alcohol Consumption Better Than None At All: An Epidemiologic Assessment

Colsher¹

1989

Annual Review of Public Health

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Psychosocial and behavioral factors differentiating past drinkers and life-long abstainers.

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Regular light-to-moderate intake of alcohol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Is there a beneficial effect?

Regular light-to-moderate intake of alcohol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Is there a beneficial effect?

Moderate alcohol consumption and stroke. The epidemiologic evidence.

Is Modest Alcohol Consumption Better Than None At All: An Epidemiologic Assessment

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