Psychosocial Adjustment of Males on Three Types of Dialysis

Abstract

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a chronic illness that challenges the coping ability of patients and their families, demanding behavioral and emotional lifestyle changes. The purposes of this comparative descriptive study were to explore the anxiety, depression, and psychosocial adjustment of male patients on three types of dialysis--home hemodialysis (home HD), in-center hemodialysis (in-center HD), and peritoneal dialysis (PD)--and to identify perception of hemodialysis stressors for those on home HD and in-center HD. Five subjects in each of the three groups (N = 15), matched for age, gender, education, and dialysis type, participated in the study. Although the convenience sample size is too small to generalize, subjects on home HD demonstrated higher psychosocial adjustment. The study supports further research with larger, randomized samples. Information about psychosocial adjustment of patients on each type of dialysis provides information for nurses as they guide patients in choosing dialysis type.

Psychosocial Adjustment of Patients on Home Hemodialysis and Their Dialysis Partners

“…Comparison of the anxiety and depression score of the patients on home HD with the scores of patients on in-center HD and PD indicate that patients on home HD had lower anxiety and depression scores (Courts & Boyette, 1998). Dialysis partners also had low anxiety and depression scores, supporting other findings that home HD stress for partners decreases over time (Lowry & Atcherson, 1984).…”

Modos de enfrentamento dos estressores de pessoas em tratamento hemodiálitico: revisão integrativa da literatura

“…Among the 12 articles presented, eight were written by nurses and the others by physicians (7,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) .…”

The Lived Experience of Contentment: A Study Using the Parse Research Method

“…Kane (1985) even suggests that contentment should be considered an ideal outcome for elderly people. Kane's view is supported by many authors who have used level of contentment as a variable to assess positive affect in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease (Lawton, VanHaitsma, & Klapper, 1996), as a variable to address when assessing marital relationships (Moroi, 1990), and as a measure of depression (see, for example, Attala, Oetker, & McSweeney, 1995;Courts & Boyette, 1998;Demers & Lavoie, 1996). Kane's view is supported by many authors who have used level of contentment as a variable to assess positive affect in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease (Lawton, VanHaitsma, & Klapper, 1996), as a variable to address when assessing marital relationships (Moroi, 1990), and as a measure of depression (see, for example, Attala, Oetker, & McSweeney, 1995;Courts & Boyette, 1998;Demers & Lavoie, 1996).…”

“…Only 11 studies were found in which the phenomenon of concern was contentment (Attala et al, 1995;Bylsma & Major, 1994;Courts & Boyette, 1998;Demers & Lavoie, 1996;Hirsch & Hirsch, 1995;Karaku, 1995;Kovacs, 1996;Kriedler, Campbell, Lanik, Gray, & Conrad, 1994;Lindgren, Svardsudd, & Tibblin, 1994;Lloyd-Cobb & Dixon, 1995;Pardeck & Chung, 1995). The findings of these various studies suggest that people's contentment with their health is related to life situation (Bylsma & Major, 1994;Lindgren et al, 1994), ability to live independently (Kriedler et al, 1994;Nilsson et al, 1996;Schmotkin & Hadari, 1996), and level of depression (Attala et al, 1995;Courts & Boyette, 1998;Demers & Lavoie, 1996;Hirsch & Hirsch, 1995;Kovacs, 1996;Lloyd-Cobb & Dixon, 1995;Pardeck & Chung, 1995).…”

“…Two of the core concepts surfacing from the participants' descriptions in some way arose in the literature on contentment. No literature specified "amid the arduous," but some authors (Attala et al, 1995;Courts & Boyette, 1998;Demers & Lavoie, 1996;Hirsch & Hirsch, 1995;Kane, 1985;Kovacs, 1996;Lawton et al, 1996;Lloyd-Cobb & Dixon, 1995;Pardeck & Chung, 1995) did say contentment is related to diminished chances of depression, loneliness, and anxiety. Contentment was also connected with ideas similar to satisfying calmness in several recent studies (Bylsma & Major, 1994;Karaku, 1995;Lindgren et al, 1994;Parse, 1993Parse, , 1994aParse, , 1996Parse, , 1997bParse et al, 1985;Takahashi, 1999;Toikkanen & Muurinen, 1999).…”