Psychosis risk screening in youth: A validation study of three self-report measures of attenuated psychosis symptoms

Kline, Emily; Wilson, Camille; Ereshefsky, Sabrina; Denenny, Danielle; Thompson, Elizabeth; Pitts, Steven C.; Bussell, Kristin; Reeves, Gloria; Schiffman, Jason

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2012.07.022

Cited by 93 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…When comparing mPRIME items to corresponding questions in the standard SIPS, some item-question pairs showed statistically significant (though relatively weak) correlations (e.g., mPRIME items P2, P3, P7) while the other items did not demonstrate significant correlation with SIPS questions. Additionally, the observed validity measurements (sensitivity 40%, specificity 64.8%, PPV 12.3%, NPV 89.7%) were lower than that obtained in previous study populations [20,21] and may have been due to a variety of reasons. Most importantly, as a non-clinical and non-help seeking cohort, the prevalence of illness in our sample was lower than that seen in other validation studies of psychosis screeners, including the PRIME screen.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…Early validation measurements for the PRIME in a patient sample against the SIPS showed a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 1.0 [19]. Later validation studies of the PRIME screen in clinical samples have found a specificity of 0.74 and sensitivity of 1.00 in a Japanese youth sample [20] and a specificity and sensitivity of 0.66 and 0.75, respectively in a U.S. sample [21]. Other validation studies for the PRIME screen as well as other psychosis-risk screeners that have occurred in clinical or help-seeking populations have generally found fair to strong measures of validity as well [22-24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a modified version of the PRIME screen for psychosis-risk symptoms in a non-clinical Kenyan youth sample

Owoso

Ndetei

Mbwayo

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Background The PRIME screen is a self-administered questionnaire designed to quickly assess individuals at risk for developing a psychotic disorder. It is shorter in both length and administration time compared to the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS)—a standard instrument for psychosis prodromal risk assessment. Validation of the PRIME against the SIPS has not been reported in large non-clinical populations. Methods A culturally modified version of the PRIME screen (mPRIME) was administered to Kenyan youth between the ages of 14 and 29. 182 completed both the SIPS and mPRIME. Validation measures (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) were calculated and the study sample was then broken down into true positives, false positives, and false negatives for comparison on different quantitative measures. Results Using previously suggested thresholds for a positive screen, the mPRIME had a sensitivity of 40% and a specificity of 64.8% for our entire sample. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 12.3% and 89.7%, respectively. Breaking the sample down by questionnaire outcome showed that true-positive individuals scored higher on average rate and intensity of endorsement of mPRIME items compared to false-positive and false-negatives, while false-negatives on average registered disagreement on all mPRIME questionnaire items. Conclusions The mPRIME does not appear to be an effective screener of at-risk individuals for psychosis in our non-clinical sample. Further validation efforts in other general populations are warranted.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a modified version of the PRIME screen for psychosis-risk symptoms in a non-clinical Kenyan youth sample

Owoso

Ndetei

Mbwayo

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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“…Thus, in the current research, we used the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS; Miller et al, 2003), which has been used as the gold standard in psychosis risk research (Kline et al, 2012). The SIPS is used in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study and has been shown to predict the development of psychosis with up to a 35% accuracy rate (Addington et al, 2012; Cannon et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aberrant Salience, Self-Concept Clarity, and Interview-Rated Psychotic-Like Experiences

Cicero¹,

Docherty²,

Becker³

et al. 2015

Journal of Personality Disorders

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Many social-cognitive models of psychotic-like symptoms posit a role for self-concept and aberrant salience. Previous work has shown that the interaction between aberrant salience and self-concept clarity is associated with self-reported psychotic-like experiences. In the current research with two structured interviews, the interaction between aberrant salience and self-concept clarity was found to be associated withinterview-rated psychotic-like experiences. The interaction was associated withpsychotic-like experiences composite scores, delusional ideation, grandiosity, and perceptual anomalies. In all cases, self-concept clarity was negatively associated with psychotic-like experiences at high levels of aberrant salience, but unassociated with psychotic-like experiences at low levels of aberrant salience. The interaction was specific to positive psychotic-like experiences and not present for negative or disorganized ratings. The interaction was not mediated by self-esteem levels. These results provide further evidence that aberrant salience and self-concept clarity play an important role in the generation of psychotic-like experiences.

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“…J. Miller et al, 2002). The SIPS has been referred to as the gold-standard in psychosis risk assessment (Kline et al, 2012) and is currently being used in high profile research programs that are making rapid progress in the understanding of psychosis risk (Addington et al, 2007; Addington et al, 2012). Thus, a goal of the current research is to examine the correspondence between participants identified as at risk in the psychometric high risk approach with those identified as high risk with the clinical high risk approach.…”

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confidence: 99%

Correspondence between psychometric and clinical high risk for psychosis in an undergraduate population.

Cicero

Martin

Becker

et al. 2014

Psychological Assessment

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Despite the common use of either psychometric or clinical methods for identifying individuals at risk for psychosis, previous research has not examined the correspondence and extent of convergence of these two approaches. Undergraduates (n = 160), selected from a larger pool, completed three self-report schizotypy scales, the Magical Ideation Scale, the Perceptual Aberration Scale, and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale, and were administered the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS). First, high correlations were observed for self-report and interview-rated psychotic like experiences (rs between .48 and .61, p < .001). Second, 77 percent of individuals identified as having a risk for psychosis with the self-report measures reported at least one clinically meaningful psychotic-like experience on the SIPS. Third, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that the self-report scales can be used to identify which participants report clinically meaningful positive symptoms. These results suggest that mostly white undergraduate participants identified as at risk with the psychometric schizotypy approach report clinically meaningful psychotic-like experiences in an interview format and that the schizotypy scales are moderately to strongly correlated with interview-rated psychotic-like experiences. The results of the current research provide a baseline for comparing research between these two approaches.

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Psychosis risk screening in youth: A validation study of three self-report measures of attenuated psychosis symptoms

Cited by 93 publications

References 24 publications

Validation of a modified version of the PRIME screen for psychosis-risk symptoms in a non-clinical Kenyan youth sample

Validation of a modified version of the PRIME screen for psychosis-risk symptoms in a non-clinical Kenyan youth sample

Aberrant Salience, Self-Concept Clarity, and Interview-Rated Psychotic-Like Experiences

Correspondence between psychometric and clinical high risk for psychosis in an undergraduate population.

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