Psychosis and Catatonia in Fragile X Syndrome

Abstract

Fragile X syndrome is an inherited disorder with an X-linked dominant inheritance pattern that is the most commonly inherited cause of intellectual developmental disorder and has a strong association with autism spectrum disorder. This report describes the case of an 18-year-old male with fragile X syndrome and multiple psychiatric comorbidities who presented with new onset psychosis and catatonia.

FPT, a 2-Aminotetralin, Is a Potent Serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1D Receptor Agonist That Modulates Cortical Electroencephalogram Activity in Adult Fmr1 Knockout Mice

“…Other FDA-approved neuropsychiatric medications, including the new antidepressant allopregnanolone, which acts as a GABA A positive allosteric modulator, decrease alpha power and increase beta power, as we observed with FPT . Therefore, FPT’s effect of lowering relative alpha power and increasing relative beta power might be pharmacotherapeutic for FXS patients, especially patients with psychotic and depressive symptoms. , Furthermore, these points illustrate that there might be convergent effects on EEG power of neurotherapeutic medications with different mechanisms of action.…”

Safe Administration of Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Patient With Catatonia and Neuropsychiatric Lupus Comorbid With Fragile X Syndrome

“…Furthermore, treatment gains have been reported in neurological disorders such as Parkinson disease (PD), neuroleptic malignant syndrome, epileptic seizures, and, proposedly, tardive dyskinesia and dystonia. 1,2 In contrast to the reported beneficial effects of ECT on dystonia, we describe the occurrence of acute postprocedure cervical dystonia.…”

“…Case reports describe the successful use of ECT for catatonia in the context of SLE 1 . Although case reports document catatonia in FXS patients, 2,3 there is a lack of literature for guidance on the safety and tolerability of ECT in this population. One case report describes a catatonic patient with fragile X premutation who had elevated FMR1 and mRNA levels along with a significant deficit of fragile X mental retardation protein, who responded to ECT, but the outcome was not encouraging in that cognitive sequalae were evident over time 3 .…”

Diagnostic overshadowing clouding the efficient recognition of pediatric catatonia: a case series

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Catatonia can also be present in various genetic abnormalities (i.e., Down syndrome, 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, Pradar-Willi, and Huntington's disease), tic disorders, intellectual disability, metabolic, endocrine, neurologic, and infectious diseases. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Despite the growing number of studies, the recognition of catatonia seldom occurs in an efficient manner. 26 In many of the documented reports, the diagnosis can be delayed from months to years, which can lead to worsening functioning, poor self-care, physical injury/ mutilation due to self-injury, and premature death.…”