Psychosis

Schrimpf, Lindsey A.; Aggarwal, Arpit

doi:10.1212/con.0000000000000602

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While most psychoses have a psychiatric origin, they may also be drug-induced or manifest due to co-occurring medical or neurological illness [ 2 ]. Mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder may also have psychotic components or features [ 3 ]. However, despite the seemingly wide range of psychiatric and non-psychiatric situations that may result in this state, the most important subset of disorders of which psychosis is a fundamental and central feature are psychotic disorders [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Ullah

Awan

Aamir

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Schizophrenia is a major psychotic disorder affecting nearly 23.6 million people globally and greatly impacting the cognitive and social functioning of individuals. Multiple risk factors, including genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors have been identified. However, the exact mechanism by which some factors aid in the development of schizophrenia is still uncertain. Acute and/or long-standing inflammation has been implicated as both a cause and effect of schizophrenia. Heightened immune responses have been documented in large cohorts of individuals with schizophrenia. While not completely known, multiple hypotheses, such as disruption of the blood–brain barrier, alterations in the kynurenine/tryptophan pathway, and increased microglial activation, have been presented to correlate inflammation with schizophrenic symptoms. Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) is a commonly performed and inexpensive test on patients’ serum to determine levels of systemic inflammation in the body. Multiple studies have reported an elevated CRP level in different stages of schizophrenia, indicating its potential to be used as a viable biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of schizophrenia along with assessing treatment response to conventional and non-conventional treatment regimens. This review aims to evaluate the role of inflammation, in general, and CRP, in particular, in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and its potential significance in diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventative approaches towards schizophrenia and psychosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Ullah

Awan

Aamir

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Psychosis is usually associated with schizophrenia, but it can be caused by other mental illnesses such as depression, bipolar disorder, dementia and borderline personality disorder [1]. Psychosis is characterized by disorganized thought and irrational perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing acoustic and prosodic fluctuations in free speech to predict psychosis onset in high-risk youths

Agurto

Pietrowicz

Norel

et al. 2020

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Amp; Biology Society (EMBC)

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The diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders depends on the analysis of behavior through language by a clinical specialist. This analysis is subjective in nature and could benefit from automated, objective acoustic and linguistic processing methods. This integrated approach would convey a richer representation of patient speech, particularly for expression of emotion. In this work, we explore the potential of acoustic and prosodic metrics to infer clinical variables and predict psychosis, a condition which produces measurable derailment and tangentiality in patient language. To that purpose, we analyzed the recordings of 32 young patients at high risk of developing clinical psychosis.

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“…DSM-5 states that these disorders "are de ned by abnormalities in one or more of the following ve domains: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking (speech), grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behaviour (including catatonia), and negative symptoms." [1]. Furthermore, psychosis as a de ned by these abnormalities is also found as a quali er in other non-primarily psychotic conditions, including Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Affective Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.…”

Section: Background Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychosis is a broad term that encompasses symptoms related to a change in perception of reality. It is found in many psychiatric, neurologic, neurodevelopmental and medical conditions [1]. The diseases in which psychosis is considered a core symptom are outlined in the Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth edition (DSM-5) [2].…”

Section: Background Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Volumetric Changes in Hippocampal Subfields in Psychosis: a Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Nasa

Mosley

Román

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The hippocampus has for long been known for its abilities to form new, declarative memory. However, emerging findings across conditions in the psychosis spectrum also implicate its role in emotional regulation. Systematic reviews have demonstrated consistent volume atrophic changes in the hippocampus. The aim of the systematic review and metanalysis which will follow from this protocol will be to investigate the volume-based neuroimaging findings across each of the subfields of the hippocampus in psychosis independent of diagnosis.Methods: Volume changes across subfields of the hippocampus in psychotic illnesses will be assessed by systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). MRI neuroimaging studies of patients with a definitive diagnosis of psychosis (including brief pre diagnostic states) will be included. Studies lacking adequate controls, illicit drug use, medical psychosis, history of other significant psychiatric comorbidities or emphasis on age groups above 65 or below 16 will be excluded. Subfields investigated will include the CA1, CA2/3, CA4, subiculum, presubiculum, dentate gyrus, stratum, molecular layer, granular cell layer, entorhinal cortex and fimbria. Two researchers will independently conduct the search and selection procedures to gather suitable studies. One reviewer will independently perform all the data extraction, and another reviewer will then systemically check all the extracted information using the original articles to ensure accuracy. Statistical analysis will be performed using the metafor and meta packages in R Studio with application of the random effects model.Discussion: This study will provide insight into the volumetric changes in psychosis of the subfields of the hippocampus, independent of diagnosis. This may shed light on the intricate neural pathology which encompasses psychosis and will open avenues for further exploration of the structures identified as potential drivers of volume change.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020199558

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Psychosis

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Role and Perspectives of Inflammation and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in Psychosis: An Economic and Widespread Tool for Assessing the Disease

Analyzing acoustic and prosodic fluctuations in free speech to predict psychosis onset in high-risk youths

MRI Volumetric Changes in Hippocampal Subfields in Psychosis: a Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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