Psychophysiological interactions between caffeine and nicotine

Rose, Jed E.; Behm, Frédérique M.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(91)90287-c

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Thus, chronic caffeine exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats does not change the behavioral effects of nicotine on schedule-controlled, food-maintained behavior, unlike the facilitation of nicotine self-administration (Shoaib et al 1996) or the alteration of the pharmacological nature of nicotine's discriminative cue . These studies, taken together with several reports in human subjects that caffeine can also modify the subjective effects of nicotine in coffee-drinking cigarette smokers (Brown and Benowitz 1989;Rose and Behm 1991;Swanson et al 1994Swanson et al , 1997, indicate that the outcome of the behavioral effects of nicotine achieved under chronic exposure with caffeine is complex and appears to depend upon the particular aspect of behavior under examination and the specific central neuroanatomical and neurochemical sites mediating different behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Behavioral effects of nicotine, amphetamine and cocaine under a fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement in rats chronically exposed to caffeine

Jaszyna

Gąsior

Shoaib³

et al. 1998

Psychopharmacology

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Epidemiological surveys demonstrate that caffeine, the main psychoactive ingredient of coffee, is a positive correlate in drug abuse. To characterize the behavioral nature of caffeine interactions with other psychomotor stimulants, we examined the effects of chronic caffeine exposure on the behavioral responses to nicotine, amphetamine, cocaine, the selective D1 agonist SKF-82958 and the selective D2 receptor agonist NPA, in rats responding under a fixed interval (FI) schedule of food reinforcement. Following stabilization of rates and temporal patterns of responding (mathematically expressed as quarter-life values, QL), twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats responding under a 5-min FI schedule of food reinforcement were divided into two groups; one (twelve rats) maintained on tap water (control) and the other (nine rats) on caffeine (3 mg/ml added to the drinking water). Following the substitution of caffeine solution for tap water, behavior was temporarily disrupted as evidenced by decreases in responding and QL values which reached a maximum after 72 h (rate 60% and QL 30% below baseline levels). Rats developed complete tolerance to these effects of caffeine over 5 days of caffeine exposure. After response rate and QL values stabilized, effects of drugs were evaluated. Nicotine (0.01-1.0 mg/kg; SC), amphetamine (0.1-5.6; IP), and cocaine (1.0-17; IP) each produced biphasic dose-dependent changes in response rate with maximum increases in response rate following intermediate doses and decreases in response rates following higher doses. The increase in rates of responding produced by amphetamine or cocaine (but not nicotine) were greater (P<0.05) in caffeine-drinking than in water-drinking rats. Both SKF-82958 (0.001-0.3 mg/kg; IP) and NPA (0.0001-0.1; IP) produced only dose-dependent decreases in rates of responding. Caffeine-drinking rats were less sensitive to the rate-depressant effects of SKF-82958 (P<0.05) than water-drinking rats. However, similar changes (P>0.05) were produced by NPA in both groups. Except for amphetamine, the remaining drugs produced similar (P>0.05) dose-dependent decreases in QL values in water- and caffeine-drinking rats. Amphetamine produced smaller decreases in QL values in caffeine-drinking rats than in water-drinking rats (P<0.05). Chronic exposure to caffeine produced complete insurmountable tolerance to the response-rate increasing (stimulant) effects of acute caffeine (3.0-17 mg/kg; IP) in caffeine-drinking rats. In conclusion, our study revealed that chronic caffeine exposure potentiates the behavioral response to amphetamine and cocaine but not to that of nicotine in rats responding under a FI schedule of food reinforcement. Thus, it is likely that these effects are mediated through different pharmacological mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Behavioral effects of nicotine, amphetamine and cocaine under a fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement in rats chronically exposed to caffeine

Jaszyna

Gąsior

Shoaib³

et al. 1998

Psychopharmacology

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“…For example, smokers and ex-smokers are more likely to be coffee drinkers and ingest higher amounts of caffeine than those with no history of smoking (Istvan and Matarazzo 1984;Carmody et al 1985;Zavela et al 1990; Rose and Behm 1991;Kozlowski et al 1993;Klesges et al 1994;Swanson et al 1994). Moreover, smokers tend to smoke more cigarettes while drinking coffee than during periods when they abstain from coffee drinking (Istvan and Matarazzo 1984;Brown and Benowitz 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Caffeine potentiates the discriminative-stimulus effects of nicotine in rats

et al. 2002

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“…These doses were chosen because they are within the range of those most commonly administered in studies examining the effects of caffeine. 1,10 Prior to enrollment, participants were informed that they would receive one capsule during each session and that the capsule might or might not contain the caffeine equivalent of 1 to 2 cups of coffee or 2 to 4 colas. Participants were also informed that they would be asked to chew 2 pieces of nicotine gum during each session.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Also, the effects of the nicotine-caffeine combination may differ from those of either drug alone. 1,9 Individually, nicotine and caffeine increase heart rate, 10 produce stimulation and arousal, 11,12 and improve attention. 13,14 Some of these effects may be enhanced when the drugs are combined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Caffeine's Influence on Nicotine's Effects in Nonsmokers

Blank¹,

Kleykamp²,

Jennings³

et al. 2007

am j health behav

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Objective-To determine if nicotine's effects are influenced by caffeine in nonsmoking, moderate-caffeine consuming individuals (N=20).Methods-The first 3 sessions included one of 3 randomly ordered, double-blind caffeine doses (0, 75, or 150 mg, oral [po]) and 2 single-blind nicotine gum doses (2 and 4 mg) in ascending order. The fourth session (single blind) repeated the 0 mg caffeine condition.Results-Nicotine increased heart rate and subjective ratings indicative of aversive effects, and decreased reaction times. These effects were independent of caffeine dose and reliable across sessions. Conclusions-In nonsmokers, nicotine effects are not influenced by moderate caffeine doses.Keywords nicotine; caffeine; interaction; subjective effect; cognition Nicotine and caffeine are mild psychomotor stimulants and the most widely used drugs in the United States. 1,2 Interestingly, 80-97% of nicotine users also use caffeine: 3 smokers drink more coffee than nonsmokers and self-administer more nicotine when using caffeine. 4,5 This frequent co-administration may reflect the influence of pharmacokinetics 6,7 and/or environment. 8 Also, the effects of the nicotine-caffeine combination may differ from those of either drug alone. 1,9 Individually, nicotine and caffeine increase heart rate, 10 produce stimulation and arousal, 11,12 and improve attention. 13,14 Some of these effects may be enhanced when the drugs are combined. For example, oral caffeine, but not placebo, increased the subjective and reinforcing effects of intravenous (IV) nicotine (eg, higher ratings of "stimulated" and monetary crossover point, or amount of money willing to be paid to receive drug; [N = 9] 9 ; see also [N = 12] 1 ). Also, 2 mg nicotine gum increased accuracy on a digit-recall task when administered with active, but not placebo, caffeine [N = 6]. 15 Importantly, results from these studies may be influenced by the fact that all participants were regular nicotine users. When regular nicotine users are included in studies examining nicotine effects, results can be influenced by tolerance and dependence. For instance, recent NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript nicotine exposure may result in a marked reduction of drug effect (ie, tolerance), 16 whereas dependence can produce withdrawal signs and symptoms after a period of drug abstinence. 17 Drug-induced suppression of these signs and symptoms 18 can be mistaken for a direct effect of the drug. One way to understand the direct effects of drugs is to include individuals who are not tolerant to or dependent on them. 19,20 Accordingly, there are several reports of the combined effects of nicotine and caffeine in nonnicotine users (N = 10). 21,22 However, these small-sample studies may have been underpowered. Thus, their failure to report an enhanced effect of the nicotine/caffeine combination, relative to either drug alone, may reflect a Type II error. Although including individuals with no history of caffeine use would also be valuable, this goal is vi...

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Psychophysiological interactions between caffeine and nicotine

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Behavioral effects of nicotine, amphetamine and cocaine under a fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement in rats chronically exposed to caffeine

Behavioral effects of nicotine, amphetamine and cocaine under a fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement in rats chronically exposed to caffeine

Caffeine potentiates the discriminative-stimulus effects of nicotine in rats

Caffeine's Influence on Nicotine's Effects in Nonsmokers

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