Psychophysical studies evaluating the feasibility of a speech processing strategy for a multiple-channel cochlear implant

Tong, Y. C.; Blamey, Peter J.; Dowell, Richard C.; Clark, Graeme M.

doi:10.1121/1.389620

Cited by 131 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The results of experiment 1 did demonstrate, however, that small concurrent place and rate changes can be combined by implantees in discrimination tasks, in a way consistent with the optimum processing of independent observations. The independence of place and rate cues is consistent with the earlier work of Tong et al, (1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Place and temporal cues in pitch perception: are they truly independent?

McKay

McDermott

Carlyon

2000

Acoustics Research Letters Online

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Four adult users of the Mini System 22 cochlear implant participated in an experiment to investigate the perceptual independence of place-of-stimulation and temporal cues for pulsatile electrical stimulation. The motivation was the relatively poor rate discrimination ability of cochlear implantees compared to the higher accuracy of temporal coding revealed by electrophysiological measurements and the performance of normal hearing listeners. The hypothesis tested was that the central auditory system can combine consistent rate and place cues in a way that is more effective than using each cue independently. Difference limens for rate change, place change, and combined rate and place change (with consistent and inconsistent cues) were compared for stimulation at low and high rates. The results were compatible with place and rate cues being used independently in the combined rate-and place-change conditions, with no advantage found for the consistent-cue conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Tong et al (1983) performed a multidimensional scaling study which indicated that electrode place and rate of stimulation were perceived in different dimensions. However, they used stimuli with large differences in place and temporal parameters and did not examine the perceptual capabilities at a difference-limen level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place and temporal cues in pitch perception: are they truly independent?

McKay

McDermott

Carlyon

2000

Acoustics Research Letters Online

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“…Increasing the rate of stimulation from 100 pps up to about 600 pps produces increasingly higher pitch sensations, and this effect tends to asymptote at higher rates (Simmons et al 1979;Eddington 1980;Tong et al 1983;Townshend et al 1987;Busby and Clark 1997). In this study, stimulation rates were always higher than 700 pps and were held constant during the experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Pitch sensations produced by multichannel cochlear implants have been extensively investigated in bilaterally deaf subjects using pitch-ranking experiments (Simmons et al 1979;Shannon 1983;Townshend et al 1987;Dorman et al 1990;Busby et al 1994;Nelson et al 1995;Collins et al 1997;Collins and Throckmorton, 2000) or pitch-estimation experiments (Eddington 1980;Tong et al 1983;Tong and Clark 1985;Shannon 1993;Busby et al 1994;Cohen et al 1996a;Busby and Clark 1997;Collins et al 1997). These studies demonstrated that electric stimulation of the ear produced complex auditory sensations, one component of which was similar to pitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic to Electric Pitch Comparisons in Cochlear Implant Subjects with Residual Hearing

Boëx

Baud

Cosendai

et al. 2006

JARO

104

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The aim of this study was to assess the frequencyposition function resulting from electric stimulation of electrodes in cochlear implant subjects with significant residual hearing in their nonimplanted ear. Six cochlear implant users compared the pitch of the auditory sensation produced by stimulation of an intracochlear electrode to the pitch of acoustic pure tones presented to their contralateral nonimplanted ear. Subjects were implanted with different Clarion \ electrode arrays, designed to lie close to the inner wall of the cochlea. High-resolution radiographs were used to determine the electrode positions in the cochlea. Four out of six subjects presented electrode insertions deeper than 450-. We used a two-interval (one acoustic, one electric), two-alternative forced choice protocol (2I-2AFC), asking the subject to indicate which stimulus sounded the highest in pitch. Pure tones were used as acoustic stimuli. Electric stimuli consisted of trains of biphasic pulses presented at relatively high rates [higher than 700 pulses per second (pps)]. First, all electric stimuli were balanced in loudness across electrodes. Second, acoustic pure tones, chosen to approximate roughly the pitch sensation produced by each electrode, were balanced in loudness to electric stimuli. When electrode insertion lengths were used to describe electrode positions, the pitch sensations produced by electric stimulation were found to be more than two octaves lower than predicted by Greenwood's frequency-position function. When insertion angles were used to describe electrode positions, the pitch sensations were found about one octave lower than the frequency-position function of a normal ear. The difference found between both descriptions is because of the fact that these electrode arrays were designed to lie close to the modiolus. As a consequence, the site of excitation produced at the level of the organ of Corti corresponds to a longer length than the electrode insertion length, which is used in Greenwood's function. Although exact measurements of the round window position as well as the length of the cochlea could explain the remaining one octave difference found when insertion angles were used, physiological phenomena (e.g., stimulation of the spiral ganglion cells) could also create this difference. From these data, analysis filters could be determined in sound coding strategies to match the pitch percepts elicited by electrode stimulation. This step might be of main importance for music perception and for the fitting of bilateral cochlear implants.

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“…Psychophysical studies have revealed that there are two basic cues for pitch perception in cochlear implant subjects (Tong et al 1982;Townshend et al 1987) and that these cues are independent of each other Tong et al 1983). The first cue is related to the site of excitation along the cochlea (place pitch).…”

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel Place Pitch Sensitivity in Cochlear Implant Recipients

Laneau

Wouters

2004

JARO

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Cochlear implant recipients perceive a rise in pitch when the site of stimulation is moved from the apex toward the base. The place pitch sensitivity is typically measured using the stimulation of single channels. However, all current cochlear implant devices stimulate multiple channels simultaneously or with pulses temporally interleaved. The primary goal of the present study is to test whether the sensitivity of a cochlear implant recipient to changes in perceived pitch associated with changes of place of excitation improves or deteriorates when the number of active channels is increased, compared with stimulation with only one active channel. Place pitch sensitivity was recorded in four Nucleus CI24 subjects as a function of number of active channels (from 1 to 8). Just noticeable differences were estimated from a constant stimuli 2AFC pitch-ranking experiment with roving loudness. Reference and comparison stimuli contained the same number of active channels but were shifted one or two electrodes toward the base or toward the apex. The place pitch sensitivity was measured using monopolar stimulation at two locations along the electrode array. To minimize cues related to loudness, the multichannel stimuli were loudness balanced relative to the single-channel stimuli presented at C-level. The number of active channels did not affect place pitch sensitivity. This is consistent with a model that compares the edges of the excitation pattern irrespective of the overlap between excitation patterns. There was a significant difference in sensitivity to place pitch among subjects.The average just noticeable differences of place pitch, extrapolated from a fitting procedure, for the subjects ranged from 0.25 mm to 0.46 mm.

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Psychophysical studies evaluating the feasibility of a speech processing strategy for a multiple-channel cochlear implant

Cited by 131 publications

References 11 publications

Place and temporal cues in pitch perception: are they truly independent?

Place and temporal cues in pitch perception: are they truly independent?

Acoustic to Electric Pitch Comparisons in Cochlear Implant Subjects with Residual Hearing

Multichannel Place Pitch Sensitivity in Cochlear Implant Recipients

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