1982
DOI: 10.1007/bf00343694
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Psychopatho-ophthalmology, gnostic disorders, and psychosis in cardiac surgery

Abstract: The visual disturbances of 45 patients following open heart surgery could be divided into disturbances of (1) visual acuity, (2) visual accuracy, and (3) visual reality testing. The non-hallucinatory phenomena consisted mainly of loss of colour vision, metamorphopsias, visual gnostic disorders and cortical blindness. The hallucinatory phenomena could be divided into the delirium type of hallucinations with clouding of consciousness and the spectator type of hallucinations with a clear sensorium. The causes of … Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…In a small, prospective randomized study (n ¼ 20), Ascione et al [111] documented ophthalmic microembolization in 55% of on-pump patients, whereas none was recorded in off-pump. Microembolizations to the basal ganglia and occipital lobe can cause psychosis and visual disturbance after open heart surgery [112][113][114]. Similar phenomena have been observed in cerebral malaria and polycythemia, diseases known to cause similar embolic and anoxic neuropathologic changes in these areas of the brain.…”
Section: Deliriummentioning
confidence: 85%
“…In a small, prospective randomized study (n ¼ 20), Ascione et al [111] documented ophthalmic microembolization in 55% of on-pump patients, whereas none was recorded in off-pump. Microembolizations to the basal ganglia and occipital lobe can cause psychosis and visual disturbance after open heart surgery [112][113][114]. Similar phenomena have been observed in cerebral malaria and polycythemia, diseases known to cause similar embolic and anoxic neuropathologic changes in these areas of the brain.…”
Section: Deliriummentioning
confidence: 85%
“…In addition to cortical blindness, if the ischemic damage also involves the basal ganglia, problems may arise with visual acuity, reality testing, and visual perception. 75 These lesions, often involving altered levels of consciousness, can impact perception of length, distance, and proximity. Patients have difficulty with tasks such as naming objects by sight, determining which of two objects is larger, judging the distance to obstacles when walking, or recognizing familiar faces.…”
Section: Optical Neuropathy and Cortical Blindnessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Altered levels of consciousness may also lead some patients to not realize their visual deficits, even to the point of denying complete blindness. 75 Cortical lesions are rarely associated with a change in color perception.…”
Section: Optical Neuropathy and Cortical Blindnessmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though recording of the visual evoked potentials (VEP) is vulnerable to various factors during surgery, it has been used in monitoring function of the central nervous system during cardiopulmonary bypass, as disturbance of visual function is one of the most common complications following cardiovascular surgery [5][6][7]. Others used VEP in monitoring integrity of the visual pathways during neurosurgical procedures [8,9].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%