Psychopathic traits and theory of mind task performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Song, Zhaorong; Jones, Andrew; Corcoran, Rhiannon; Daly, Natasha; Abu‐Akel, Ahmad; Gillespie, Steven M.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105231

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although these findings need to be replicated within clinical populations to make any conclusion about the co‐occurrence of psychosis and psychopathy, they have potential implications for clinical assessments. Our findings suggest that using the psychopathy total score may provide a limited understanding of the relationship between psychopathy and ToM, as psychopathy is a multidimensional construct (Song et al, 2023 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Many studies have focused on psychopathy as a single construct or have only measured primary psychopathic traits. However, evidence suggests that different psychopathic constructs have distinct effects on ToM performance (Song et al, 2023 ). Primary psychopathic traits, such as shallow affect, emotional detachment, and difficulties in forming deep relationships, have been suggested to be associated with intact affective ToM, whereas secondary psychopathic traits, which encompass features related to an antisocial lifestyle, such as susceptibility to boredom, impulsivity, and emotional dysregulation, have been linked to lower abilities in both cognitive and affective ToM (Sharp & Vanwoerden, 2014 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of psychotic proneness and psychopathy on theory of mind

Atakan,

Yildirim

2023

PsyCh Journal

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confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

The effect of psychotic proneness and psychopathy on theory of mind

Atakan,

Yildirim

2023

PsyCh Journal

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“…Hence, other categories of mentalizing should be considered: less ToM (hypo-mentalizing) and excessive ToM (hyper-mentalizing). The relevance of this differentiation is supported by different patterns of difficulties which emerge in different clinical conditions 29 – 33 . For instance, autistic-spectrum and psychotic-spectrum conditions such as schizophrenia represent two diametrically opposite phenotypes of disorders of social cognition, which is underdeveloped in autistic-spectrum conditions and hyper-developed on the psychotic spectrum 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Theory of mind in chronic migraine with medication overuse assessed with the MASC

Bottiroli,

Rosi,

Lecce

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to infer one's own and others' mental states. Growing research indicates that ToM is impaired in Chronic Migraine with Medication Overuse (CM + MO). However, the research in this field has been conducted using static scenario-based tasks, often failing to test mentalization in everyday situations and measuring only performance accuracy. We filled this gap by administering the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) to subjects with CM + MO compared to episodic migraine (EM). This test allows us to assess both affective and cognitive ToM and which, in addition to being accurate, also analyzes the type of error in attribution of mental states, distinguishing between hypo-mentalization and hyper-mentalization. Thirty patients suffering from CM + MO and 42 from EM were enrolled. Results showed that CM + MO patients were less accurate in mental state attribution than EM. In addition, compared to EM, CM + MO individuals were more impaired in the affective ToM dimensions and committed more errors of hypo-mentalization. In conclusion, the application of MASC in patients with CM + MO allowed for the detection of an alteration in their ability to correctly draw conclusions about other people's mental states. This latter contributes critically to appropriate social reactions and also, possibly, to satisfactory social interactions.

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“… 32 Also, a recent meta-analysis found an association between psychopathic traits and impaired ToM. 33 These findings suggest that social cognition may be of relevance to violence, also for individuals without schizophrenia. How the social cognitive performance level in violent individuals without psychosis compares to the level seen in persons with SSDs and a history of interpersonal violence is scarcely investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Violent Offending in Males With or Without Schizophrenia: A Role for Social Cognition?

Vaskinn,

Rokicki,

Bell

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Background and Hypothesis Reduced social cognition has been reported in individuals who have committed interpersonal violence. It is unclear if individuals with schizophrenia and a history of violence have larger impairments than violent individuals without psychosis and non-violent individuals with schizophrenia. We examined social cognition in two groups with violent offenses, comparing their performance to non-violent individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Study Design Two social cognitive domains were assessed in four groups: men with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder with (SSD-V, n = 27) or without (SSD-NV, n = 42) a history of violence, incarcerated men serving preventive detention sentences (V, n = 22), and healthy male controls (HC, n = 76). Theory of mind (ToM) was measured with the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC), body emotion perception with Emotion in Biological Motion (EmoBio) test. Study Results Kruskal–Wallis H-tests revealed overall group differences for social cognition. SSD-V had a global and clinically significant social cognitive impairment. V had a specific impairment, for ToM. Binary logistic regressions predicting violence category membership from social cognition and psychosis (SSD status) were conducted. The model with best fit, explaining 18%–25% of the variance, had ToM as the only predictor. Conclusions Social cognitive impairment was present in individuals with a history of violence, with larger and more widespread impairment seen in schizophrenia. ToM predicted violence category membership, psychosis did not. The results suggest a role for social cognition in understanding interpersonal violence.

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Psychopathic traits and theory of mind task performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 127 publications

The effect of psychotic proneness and psychopathy on theory of mind

The effect of psychotic proneness and psychopathy on theory of mind

Theory of mind in chronic migraine with medication overuse assessed with the MASC

Violent Offending in Males With or Without Schizophrenia: A Role for Social Cognition?

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