Psychometric test for blind adults and children, critical issues and perspectives

Lucchese, Franco

doi:10.17060/ijodaep.2016.n1.v2.150

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…58 • A few visual performance subsets adapted for visually challenged children have been developed. 60 • Consultation-liaison with other specialties: Assessment of severity of hearing loss and referral to neurologist, ENT surgeon, or pediatrician as per the case is required for holistic care of the individual. Those subjects with congenital hearing loss can be referred to an ENT surgeon for a cochlear implant or hearing aids.…”

Section: Assessment Of a Patient With Vision Deprivation/loss And Psy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Deprivation and Psychiatric Disorders: Association, Assessment and Management Strategies

Sahoo¹,

Naskar²,

Rijal³

et al. 2021

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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Background: Sensory deprivation (SD) is a widely prevalent condition that leads to various health-related consequences and is also an important cause of disability worldwide. Earlier, SD experiments were used as research modalities to alter human behavior. In recent years, the focus has shifted to understand how SD can affect the mental health of individuals (with congenital or acquired sensory impairments). This narrative review focuses on the current understanding about the association of SD and psychiatric disorders. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was done PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar and in the cross-references of relevant articles. Keywords included “sensory deprivation,” “blindness,” “deafness,” “mental illness,” “psychiatric disorders,” “prevalence,” “assessment,” and “management” in various combinations. Only original articles (abstract and full text) published in English till October 2020 were included. Results: The prevalence of anxiety, depression, dementia, suicidality, and psychosis in persons with SD is higher than the general population (highest being in persons with dementia with comorbid SD). Several mechanisms/hypotheses have been proposed to explain these associations. Assessment of SD includes a thorough history taking, with adequate awareness about the difficulties faced during a psychiatric interview in this population. Modifications in the psychometric assessment procedures are warranted. Management depends on a multi-disciplinary approach that includes proper referral to specialties, pharmacological management (depending on diagnosis as well as taking care of ototoxic/ocular side-effect profile of the drugs), and nonpharmacological supportive measures. Conclusions: SD is a complex condition, and evidence suggests that persons with SD have higher psychiatric morbidity. A comprehensive assessment, along with holistic management approach is warranted.

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Section: Assessment Of a Patient With Vision Deprivation/loss And Psy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Deprivation and Psychiatric Disorders: Association, Assessment and Management Strategies

Sahoo¹,

Naskar²,

Rijal³

et al. 2021

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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A Haptic Nonverbal Cognitive Test for Children and Adolescents With Visual Impairment

Cassar

Tambelli

Pezzuti

et al. 2022

Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness

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Introduction: The objective of the current study was to design and pilot-test a nonverbal intelligence test for children and adolescents with visual impairment (i.e., blindness and low vision) aged 10 to 16 years. Method: A three-dimensional haptic matrix test of nonverbal cognitive abilities (3-DHMT-CA), initially developed for adults with visual impairment, was adapted and administered to 25 juveniles with severe low vision or blindness and 25 sighted peers. The test consisted of 22 tactual matrices with a missing element, and juveniles were asked to understand the logical scheme underlying each matrix and to complete it. Convergent validity was assessed in the sighted group with the Standard Progressive Matrices. Divergent validity was measured with the Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) and the Working Memory Index (WMI) of the Italian version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition. Between-group differences were analyzed with Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results show a high correlation with the convergent measure (with the Standard Progressive Matrices), and the moderate correlations with divergent measures (VCI and WMI). Between-group differences showed significantly higher scores for sighted peers than juveniles with visual impairment at 3-DHMT-CA, and non-significant differences at VCI and WMI. Discussion: This haptic nonverbal cognitive test showed good psychometric properties, but it needs to be validated in a larger sample with a qualitative analysis of solution strategies because juveniles with visual impairment seem to use different verbal and working memory strategies. Implications for Practitioners: The 3-DHMT-CA and the haptic two-hands modality seem to be suitable to test nonverbal cognitive abilities in juveniles with visual impairment. Practitioners should focus on empowering verbal and working memory abilities, since they may affect nonverbal cognitive abilities as well.

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Analysis of creative and logical-spatial skills in blind children and adolescents

Caroli

Sagone

Falanga

et al. 2019

Revista INFAD de Psicología

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This paper displays the Action-research project "Analysis and strengthening of divergent thinking in blind and visually impaired children and adolescents", funded by the University of Catania. In light of the importance of divergent and logical-spatial skills for these subjects, in terms of life skills and good educational practices, this research project is aimed to achieve the following objectives a) to realize divergent and logical-spatial skills assessment tools and to verify the validity of these instruments; b) to explore the factors of divergent thinking in order to better understand the most deficient skills; c) to proceed with the strengthening of the more inadequate divergent abilities in the subjects. We had Stamperia Braille of Catania print the Williams' Test of divergent thinking (TCD protocol A and B) and the Raven Matrices (standard SPM and colored CPM) in relief by thermoforming on PVC with relief height not lower than 0.9mm in order to allow the haptic understanding of stimuli by the blind. For visually impaired subjects the instruments are made using full color four-color laser printing on 80gr / mq paper. In this phase of the research, in agreement with the Italian Blind Union of Catania, we began to administer these tools to five blind subjects. The skills related to the use of divergent thinking, in problem solving conditions, facilitate the adaptation to the environment and, therefore, the psychological well-being. The scientific literature inspired by the factorialist tradition based on the indications offered by Guilford (1952), Torrance (1962) and, in Italy, more recently by Antonietti & Pinzigrilli, 2009, underlined the multi-modularity of creativity. The factorial dimensions that constitute divergent production concern a) the ideational fluidity, that is the individual's capacity to produce a high number of ideas starting from a verbal or graphic stimulus; b) the ideational flexibility, or the ability to change mental set from one category to another, different from the previous one, and to free yourself of a succession of ideas to easily move on to other and different "ideational chains"; c) the originality, that is the ability to elaborate and create rare and unusual responses and to produce unique ideas conceived by a reduced number of individuals (Guilford, 1950; Runco, 1991); d) the elaboration, that is the ability to enrich, with sensible details, the ideas produced by the individual, combining, in an original way, the elements that constitute the conceptual structures called into question.The results emerged from our recent empirical research, realized with the paper-pencil test of Williams (De Caroli, 2009), used to evaluate the factors of divergent thinking in the developmental age, allowed us to know that children and preadolescents with typical development (age ranging from 6 to 14) are "more gifted" in the ability to produce a high number of ideas (fluidity) and to change mental set in the ideational production (flexibility) starting from a given stimulus, but "less gifte...

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Psychometric test for blind adults and children, critical issues and perspectives

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Sensory Deprivation and Psychiatric Disorders: Association, Assessment and Management Strategies

Sensory Deprivation and Psychiatric Disorders: Association, Assessment and Management Strategies

A Haptic Nonverbal Cognitive Test for Children and Adolescents With Visual Impairment

Analysis of creative and logical-spatial skills in blind children and adolescents

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