Psychometric study of depression, anxiety and stress among university students

Haq, Muhammad Ahsan ul; Dar, Irum Sajjad; Aslam, Muhammad; Mahmood, Qaisar Khalid

doi:10.1007/s10389-017-0856-6

Cited by 47 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Compared to the prevalence levels of anxiety using DASS globally, the prevalence of anxiety in the present study was lower than in two Pakistani studies (64 to 73.4%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018) Bayram and Bilgel 2008). Compared to the prevalence levels of stress using the DASS globally, the prevalence of stress in the present study was lower than two Pakistani studies (38.5 to 47.6%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018) Based on the findings of previous studies surveying students, depression and anxiety prevalence rates were relatively higher in the present study compared to the aforementioned studies, whereas the prevalence rate for stress in the present study was more comparable to these studies. This higher level of overall MHPs prevalence may be higher due to ragging and other issues existing in the university; the participants were sampled from, as well as other more conventional reasons (i.e., lack of social and/or family support, future worries, toxic psychological environment, academic pressure, academic workload, size of the academic curriculum, and endless test schedules) (Bayram and Bilgel 2008;Bruffaerts et al 2018;Garg 2009;Mayer et al 2016;Prothom Alo 2018;Saeed et al 2018;Silva and Figueiredo-Braga 2018;ul Haq et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Compared the prevalence levels of depression using DASS globally, the prevalence of depression in the present study was higher than studies on students in Pakistan (ranged from 2 to 48.4%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018;Yusoff et al 2013), India (32.0%; Taneja et al 2018), Malaysia (37.2%;Shamsuddin et al 2013), Jordan (28.5%; Hamaideh 2018), USA (23%; Beiter et al 2015), Turkey (27.1%; Bayram and Bilgel 2008), and Saudi Arabia (30 to 43%; Kulsoom and Afsar 2015), but less than Egypt (60%; Wahed and Hassan 2017). Compared to the prevalence levels of anxiety using DASS globally, the prevalence of anxiety in the present study was lower than in two Pakistani studies (64 to 73.4%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018) Bayram and Bilgel 2008). Compared to the prevalence levels of stress using the DASS globally, the prevalence of stress in the present study was lower than two Pakistani studies (38.5 to 47.6%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018) Based on the findings of previous studies surveying students, depression and anxiety prevalence rates were relatively higher in the present study compared to the aforementioned studies, whereas the prevalence rate for stress in the present study was more comparable to these studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Compared to the prevalence levels of stress using the DASS globally, the prevalence of stress in the present study was lower than two Pakistani studies (38.5 to 47.6%; Nadeem et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018) Based on the findings of previous studies surveying students, depression and anxiety prevalence rates were relatively higher in the present study compared to the aforementioned studies, whereas the prevalence rate for stress in the present study was more comparable to these studies. This higher level of overall MHPs prevalence may be higher due to ragging and other issues existing in the university; the participants were sampled from, as well as other more conventional reasons (i.e., lack of social and/or family support, future worries, toxic psychological environment, academic pressure, academic workload, size of the academic curriculum, and endless test schedules) (Bayram and Bilgel 2008;Bruffaerts et al 2018;Garg 2009;Mayer et al 2016;Prothom Alo 2018;Saeed et al 2018;Silva and Figueiredo-Braga 2018;ul Haq et al 2018). Because MHPs can hamper the well-being and academic functioning of students and (in extreme cases) can lead to suicidal ideation Bruffaerts et al 2018;Shah et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018), special attention is needed for preventing MHPs among this vulnerable group along with awareness raising of the factors contributing to the risk of MHPs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Mental health problems (MHPs) are regarded as a public health concern among university students and can be a great source of psychological suffering and increase the risk of suicidal behaviors Bayram and Bilgel 2008;Beiter et al 2015;Saeed et al 2018;Shah et al 2017;ul Haq et al 2018). Although MHP research has attracted the attention of the researchers globally, it is very much understudied in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Mental Health Problems and Associated Predictors Among Bangladeshi Students

Mamun

Hossain

Griffiths

2019

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Common mental health problems are regarded as public health concerns and can contribute to risky behaviors such as suicide among university students in extreme cases. However, there is a lack of studies concerning such issues in Bangladesh. The present study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the prevalence and associated risk predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress among Bangladeshi university students. The sample comprised 590 undergraduates attending Jahangirnagar University (Dhaka, Bangladesh) who completed an offline survey including sociodemographic questions, behavioral variables, and the 21-item Bangla Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (BDASS-21). The prevalence of moderate to the extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress was 52.2%, 58.1%, and 24.9%, respectively. There were no significant gender differences in depression, anxiety, and stress. Risk factors for depression included coming from a lower class family, being a cigarette smoker, and engaging in less physical exercise. Risk factors for anxiety and stress included being engaged in a relationship. The findings need to be further replicated among other Bangladeshi university students to help in the development of better intervention programs and appropriate support services targeting this vulnerable group including a focus of suicide prevention and awareness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental Health Problems and Associated Predictors Among Bangladeshi Students

Mamun

Hossain

Griffiths

2019

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Assessment of mental wellbeing of university students in Bangladesh using Goldberg's GHQ‐12: A cross‐sectional study

Ovi,

Siddique,

Ahammed

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThe mental well‐being of university students is a primary public health concern worldwide, including in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the overall mental health status among Bangladeshi university students. The study used larger and more diverse sample compared to previous studies, and also explored factors associated with the mental health well‐being of those students.MethodsData were collected through an online questionnaire, utilizing the proportional allocation method, from students in various universities across Bangladesh. The sample included 2036 participants. The study applied Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12) using the GHQ2+ threshold (i.e., having more than two symptoms). A binary outcome variable was created with two levels: “good mental health” and “poor mental health,” to assess the mental health status of the university students. The explanatory variables were age, gender, academic year, type of university, and sources of personal expenses. Exploratory data analysis, association tests, and binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors influencing the outcome variable.ResultsA total of 55.9% of students (male: 52.6% and female: 62.8%) exhibited poor mental health status. Female students' mental health was found to be worse (odds ratio [OR]: 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–1.81) compared to that of males. Similarly, public university students displayed a worse mental health condition than their counterparts in private universities (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.61).ConclusionThe overall mental health of university students in Bangladesh is concerning. There is a pressing need for effective mental health policies and interventions to bolster the mental well‐being of university students, with a specific focus on students from public universities and females.

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Predicting anxiety, depression, and insomnia among Bangladeshi university students using tree‐based machine learning models

Chowdhury,

Rad,

Rahman

2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsMental health problem is a rising public health concern. People of all ages, specially Bangladeshi university students, are more affected by this burden. Thus, the objective of the study was to use tree‐based machine learning (ML) models to identify major risk factors and predict anxiety, depression, and insomnia in university students.MethodsA social media‐based cross‐sectional survey was employed for data collection. We used Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI‐7) scale for measuring students' anxiety, depression and insomnia problems. The tree‐based supervised decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and robust eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) ML algorithms were used to build the prediction models and their predictive performance was evaluated using confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsOf the 1250 students surveyed, 64.7% were male and 35.3% were female. The students' ages ranged from 18 to 26 years old, with an average age of 22.24 years (SD = 1.30). Majority of the students (72.6%) were from rural areas and social media addicted (56.6%). Almost 83.3% of the students had moderate to severe anxiety, 84.7% had moderate to severe depression and 76.5% had moderate to severe insomnia problems. Students' social media addiction, age, academic performance, smoking status, monthly family income and morningness‐eveningness are the main risk factors of anxiety, depression and insomnia. The highest predictive performance was observed from the XGBoost model for anxiety, depression and insomnia.ConclusionThe study findings offer valuable insights for stakeholders, families and policymakers enabling a more profound comprehension of the pressing mental health disorders. This understanding can guide the formulation of improved policy strategies, initiatives for mental health promotion, and the development of effective counseling services within university campus. Additionally, our proposed model might play a critical role in diagnosing and predicting mental health problems among Bangladeshi university students and similar settings.

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Psychometric study of depression, anxiety and stress among university students

Cited by 47 publications

References 31 publications

Mental Health Problems and Associated Predictors Among Bangladeshi Students

Mental Health Problems and Associated Predictors Among Bangladeshi Students

Assessment of mental wellbeing of university students in Bangladesh using Goldberg's GHQ‐12: A cross‐sectional study

Predicting anxiety, depression, and insomnia among Bangladeshi university students using tree‐based machine learning models

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