Psychometric properties of the Sleep Condition Indicator and Insomnia Severity Index in the evaluation of insomnia disorder

Wong, Mark Lawrence; Lau, Ken; Espie, Colin A.; Luik, Annemarie I.; Kyle, Simon D.; Lau, Esther Yuet Ying

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.05.019

Cited by 85 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The SCI assesses nighttime and daytime symptoms, and focuses both on the frequency and persistency of these symptoms. The SCI has been validated in other languages (Palagini et al ., ; Voinescu and Szentagotai, ; Wong et al ., ), and these studies have confirmed the good psychometric properties of the original English SCI (i.e. internal consistency, and concurrent validity in insomnia).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Specific and strong relationships were highlighted between the total score on the French SCI and perceived insomnia severity assessed by the French ISI. This is in line with evidence from the English, Italian and Chinese versions of the instrument (Espie et al ., ; Palagini et al ., ; Wong et al ., ). Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the French version of the SCI was composed of two factors that explained 71% of the variance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Validation of a French version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: a clinical screening tool for insomnia disorder according to DSM‐5 criteria

Bayard

Lebrun

Maudarbocus

et al. 2017

Journal of Sleep Research

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Insomnia disorder is frequent in the population, yet there is no French screening instrument available that is based on the updated DSM-5 criteria. We evaluated the validity and reliability of the French version of an insomnia screening instrument based on DSM-5 criteria, the Sleep Condition Indicator, in a population-based sample of adults. A total of 366 community-dwelling participants completed a face-to-face clinical interview to determine insomnia disorder against DSM-5 criteria and several questionnaires including the French Sleep Condition Indicator version. Three-hundred and twenty-nine participants completed the Sleep Condition Indicator again after 1 month. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the reliability, construct validity, divergent validity and temporal stability of the French translation of the Sleep Condition Indicator. In addition, an explanatory factor analysis was performed to assess the underlying structure. The internal consistency (α = 0.87) and temporal stability (r = 0.86, P < 0.001) of the French Sleep Condition Indicator were high. When using the previously defined cut-off value of ≤ 16, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.93 with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 75%. Additionally, good construct and divergent validity were demonstrated. The factor analyses showed a two-factor structure with a focus on sleep and daytime effects. The French version of the Sleep Condition Indicator demonstrates satisfactory psychometric properties while being a useful instrument in detecting cases of insomnia disorder, consistent with features of DSM-5, in the general population.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation of a French version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: a clinical screening tool for insomnia disorder according to DSM‐5 criteria

Bayard

Lebrun

Maudarbocus

et al. 2017

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…Previous research has supported the use of a cut‐off of 16 for possible insomnia disorder (Ballesio et al ., ; Bayard et al ., ; Espie et al ., ; Palagini et al ., ; Wong et al ., ). In the present sample we applied criteria based on the DSM‐5 to our data set to distinguish those with possible insomnia from ‘normal’ sleepers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The SCI is a brief, eight‐item scale, first published in 2014 and the first questionnaire to be modelled upon DSM‐5 insomnia criteria (SCI: Espie et al ., ). The SCI has subsequently been translated, and validated further in Italian, Romanian, Chinese and French (Bayard et al ., ; Palagini et al ., ; Voinescu and Szentagotai, ; Wong et al ., ). The SCI has demonstrated sound psychometric properties previously, including internal consistency (published range: α = 0.71–0.89), convergent validity with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ( r = 0.73) and the Insomnia Severity Index ( r = 0.79), predictive validity in relation to insomnia disorder when diagnosed by expert clinical interview (Bayard et al ., ; Palagini et al ., ; Wong et al ., ) and has proved sensitive to change in several clinical trials (Barnes et al ., ; Bostock et al ., ; Espie et al ., ; McGrath et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Sleep Condition Indicator: reference values derived from a sample of 200 000 adults

Espie

Machado

Carl

et al. 2017

Journal of Sleep Research

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The Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) is an eight-item rating scale that was developed to screen for insomnia disorder based on DSM-5 criteria. It has been shown previously to have good psychometric properties among several language translations. We developed age- and sex-referenced values for the SCI to assist the evaluation of insomnia in everyday clinical practice. A random sample of 200 000 individuals (58% women, mean age: 31 ± 13 years) was selected from those who had completed the SCI via several internet platforms. Descriptive and inferential methods were applied to generate reference data and indices of reliable change for the SCI for men and women across the age deciles 16-25, 26-35, 36-45, 46-55, 56-65 and 66-75 years. The mean SCI score for the full sample was 14.97 ± 5.93. Overall, women scored worse than men (14.29 ± 5.83 versus 15.90 ± 5.94; mean difference: -1.60, η = 0.018, Cohen's d = 0.272) and those of older age scored worse than those younger (-0.057 points per year, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.059 to -0.055) relative to age 16-25 years. The Reliable Change Index was established at seven scale points. In conclusion, the SCI is a useful instrument for clinicians and researchers that can help them to screen for insomnia, compare completers to individuals of similar age and sex and establish whether a reliable change was achieved following treatment.

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“…Each item is a 5-point rating (0–4) concerning a distinct aspect of insomnia over a 2-week period, denoted hereafter as “habitual.” The total sum score, ranging from 0 to 28, provides an overall index of insomnia severity. The ISI has been shown to have good psychometric properties, including high diagnostic accuracy (34–36). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia Really Hurts: Effect of a Bad Night's Sleep on Pain Increases With Insomnia Severity

2018

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Insomnia and chronic pain are highly prevalent conditions and are often comorbid. Somatic complaints other than pain are also often observed in insomnia. Poor sleep and pain are known to mutually reinforce each other. However, it is unknown whether the habitual severity of insomnia modulates the acute effect of a particularly bad night's sleep on the next day's pain severity, and whether it modulates the acute effect of pain on the following night's sleep quality. Using data from 3,508 volunteers (2,684 female, mean age 50.09 y), we addressed these questions in addition to the associations between the habitual severity of insomnia, somatic complaints, and pain. Results indicated that people suffering from more severe habitual insomnia showed stronger mutual acute within-day reactivity of pain and poor sleep quality. The same increased reactivity was found in people with more severe habitual pain. Interestingly, the acute within-day mutual reactivity of pain and sleep quality showed consistent asymmetry. Pain worsened more after a particularly bad night's sleep than it improved after a particularly good night's sleep. Likewise, sleep worsened more after a day with more-than-usual pain than it improved after a day with less-than-usual pain. Future interventions may profit from addressing this asymmetric mutual reactivity especially in people with severe comorbid insomnia and chronic pain.

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Psychometric properties of the Sleep Condition Indicator and Insomnia Severity Index in the evaluation of insomnia disorder

Cited by 85 publications

References 23 publications

Validation of a French version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: a clinical screening tool for insomnia disorder according to DSM‐5 criteria

Validation of a French version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: a clinical screening tool for insomnia disorder according to DSM‐5 criteria

The Sleep Condition Indicator: reference values derived from a sample of 200 000 adults

Insomnia Really Hurts: Effect of a Bad Night's Sleep on Pain Increases With Insomnia Severity

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