Psychometric properties of the Metacognitions about Smartphone Use Questionnaire (MSUQ) in a sample of iranians

Akbari, Mehdi; Zamani, Elahe; Fioravanti, Giulia; Casale, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106722

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…On the one hand, various included studies revealed a mediating role of metacognitions in the association between negative affect and technological addictions . On the other hand, the present review highlights that metacognitions predict IGD and PSU beyond the negative affect (Akbari et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Overall, these findings show that metacognitions affecting technological addictions cannot be entirely traced back to anxiety and depressive symptoms, which is consistent with evidence of the mediating role of metacognitions when other psychosocial vulnerabilities were considered (see, e.g., Casale et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A systematic review of metacognitions in Internet Gaming Disorder and problematic Internet, smartphone and social networking sites use

Casale

Musicò

Spada

2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Background: The use of new technologies is growing, and some authors have suggested that frequent use might hide a non-chemical addiction (i.e., technological addiction). Over the last 5 years, several studies investigating the role of metacognitions in technological addictions have been published. We aim to provide the first systematic review focused on this topic, by updating the initial evidence highlighted by a previous systematic review on metacognitions across addictive behaviours (Hamonniere & Varescon, 2018). Methods: Electronic literature databases (Pubmed, PsychINFO, SCOPUS and Web of Science) were searched to identify studies that examined the relationship between metacognitions and four different technological addictions (Internet Gaming Disorder, IGD; problematic Internet use, PIU; problematic smartphone use, PSU; and problematic social networking sites use, PSNSU). Results: We found 13 empirical studies published between 2018 and 2021. Positive low to moderate cross-sectional associations between the four technological addictions and both generic and specific metacognitions were found, in accordance with the metacognitive model of addictive behaviours. Positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger, beliefs about the need to control thoughts and a lack of cognitive confidence were associated with IGD, PIU, PSU and PSNSU. Conclusions: The absence of longitudinal studies prevents us from providing definitive answers about the role of metacognitions in technological addictions. Despite this limitation, interventions that target metacognitions could be beneficial for people presenting with technological addictions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

A systematic review of metacognitions in Internet Gaming Disorder and problematic Internet, smartphone and social networking sites use

Casale

Musicò

Spada

2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Thus, negative metacognitions appear to be predominantly involved in the perpetuation of addictive behaviors (Hamonniere & Varescon, 2018;. Several studies have empirically supported that metacognitions are implicated in addictive behaviors, including problematic drinking and smoking dependence (Nik cevi c & Spada, 2010;Spada, Caselli, & Wells, 2009;Spada, Nik cevi c, Moneta, & Wells, 2007), gambling (Spada, Giustina, Rolandi, Fernie, & Caselli, 2015;Spada & Roarty, 2015), problematic online gaming (POG; Akbari, Bahadori, Milan, Caselli, & Spada, 2021;Aydın, G€ uçl€ ua, € Unal-Aydına, & Spada, 2020;, generalized problematic Internet use (PIU; Casale, Caplan, & Fioravanti, 2016;Spada, Langston, Nik cevi c, & Moneta, 2008), problematic social networking site use (PSNSU; Casale, Rugai, & Fioravanti, 2018;Marino et al, 2019;€ Unal-Aydın, Obuca, Aydın, & Spada, 2021), and problematic smartphone use (PSU; Akbari, Zamani, Fioravanti, & Casale, 2021;Casale, Caponi, & Fioravanti, 2020). The available systematic reviews (Casale, Music o, & Spada, 2021;Hamonniere & Varescon, 2018) broadly support the contention that positive metacognitions are linked to the engagement in a certain behavior, whilst negative metacognitions are linked to the escalation of addictive behavior.…”

Section: Introduction Metacognitions In Addictive Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the contribution of metacognitions and expectancies to problematic smartphone use

Casale

Fioravanti

Spada

2021

JBA

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Background and aims In the current study we have sought to clarify the contribution of metacognitions concerning smartphone use relative to smartphone use expectancies in the relationship between well-established predisposing psychological factors and problematic smartphone use (PSU). We tested a model where psychological distress, impulsivity, and proneness to boredom predict metacognitions about smartphone use and smartphone use expectancies, which in turn predict PSU. Methods A sample of 535 participants (F = 71.2%; mean age = 27.38 ± 9.05 years) was recruited. Results The model accounted for 64% of the PSU variance and showed good fit indices (χ 2 = 16.01, df = 13, P = 0.24; RMSEA [90%CI] = 0.02 [0–0.05], CFI = 0.99; SRMR = 0.03). We found that: (i) when it comes to psychological distress and boredom proneness, negative metacognitions, and both positive and negative expectancies play a mediating role in the association with PSU, with negative metacognitions showing a dominant role; (ii) there is no overlap between positive expectancies and positive metacognitions, especially when it comes to smartphone use as a means for socializing; (iii) impulsivity did not show a significant effect on PSU Direct effects of the predictors on PSU were not found. Discussion and conclusions The current study found additional support for applying metacognitive theory to the understanding of PSU and highlight the dominant role of negative metacognitions about smartphone in predicting PSU.

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“…On the one hand, we know that PSU is linked to both social and non-social use (Elhai et al, 2017a(Elhai et al, , b, 2020van Deursen et al, 2015). On the other hand, we know that metacognitions appear to be involved in the perpetuation of smartphone use (Akbari et al, 2021b) and have a mediating role in the negative emotions-PSU link (Casale et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Explaining the Link Between Fears Different Types Of Use And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metacognitions refer to the implicit or explicit information individuals hold about their own cognition and about coping strategies that have an impact on it (Brown, 1987;Wells & Matthews, 1994). Either positive (i.e., a specific form of expectancy relating to smartphone use as a means of controlling and regulating cognitions and emotions) and negative metacognitions (i.e., beliefs concerning the uncontrollability and dangers of thoughts concerning smartphone use) have been found to predict PSU independently of anxiety and depressive symptoms (Akbari et al, 2021b;Casale et al, 2020). Moreover, as metacognitions play a central role in motivating individuals to engage in addictive behavior, they appear to be excellent candidates in the role of mediators in the relationship between cognitive-affective states that need to be regulated (e.g., the fear of missing out) and PSU.…”

Section: Explaining the Link Between Fears Different Types Of Use And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In keeping with this perspective, a number of empirical studies have highlighted that negative emotions play a role in predicting addictive behaviors through beliefs concerning the usefulness of the substance/ object use with respect to emotion regulation (Akbari, 2017;Spada & Marino, 2017), including one's smartphone usefulness (Casale et al, 2021a). The more intense the negative emotion experienced, the stronger the beliefs that using the smartphone will help in managing these emotions, which, in turn, predict PSU (Akbari et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Explaining the Link Between Fears Different Types Of Use And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fear of missing out and fear of not being up to date: investigating different pathways towards social and process problematic smartphone use

et al. 2022

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The present study introduces a new construct potentially associated with problematic smartphone use, that is the fear of not being up to date, and tests two serial mediation models, in which it was hypothesised that: (i) metacognitions and social smartphone use would be serial mediators of the relationship between the fear of missing out (FoMO) and problematic smartphone use (PSU); and (ii) metacognitions and process smartphone use would be serial mediators of the relationship between and the fear of not being up to date and PSU. A sample of 364 participants (F = 72.8%; mean age = 36.80 ± 15.32 years; age range: 18–75 years), recruited online, were administered a battery of self-report measures assessing FoMO, the fear of not being up to date, metacognitions about smartphone use, process and social smartphone use, and PSU. The serial mediation effect of metacognitions about smartphone use and process use on the relationship between the fear of not being up to date and PSU was significant (indirect effect = 0.004; 95% CI: [0.0006, 0.009]). Conversely, the serial mediation effect of metacognitions about smartphone use and social use on the relationship between FoMO and PSU was not significant (indirect effect = 0.002; 95% CI: [-0.003, 0.009]). Smartphone social use did not predict PSU. The current study highlights a possible pathway towards process smartphone use via a relatively new phenomenon termed “fear of not being up to date” within a metacognitive framework.

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Psychometric properties of the Metacognitions about Smartphone Use Questionnaire (MSUQ) in a sample of iranians

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

A systematic review of metacognitions in Internet Gaming Disorder and problematic Internet, smartphone and social networking sites use

A systematic review of metacognitions in Internet Gaming Disorder and problematic Internet, smartphone and social networking sites use

Modelling the contribution of metacognitions and expectancies to problematic smartphone use

Fear of missing out and fear of not being up to date: investigating different pathways towards social and process problematic smartphone use

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