Psychometric Properties of the Emotional Exhaustion Scale (ECE) in Chilean Higher Education Students

Martínez-Líbano, Jonathan; Cabrera, María Mercedes Yeomans; Oyanedel, Juan Carlos

doi:10.3390/ejihpe12010005

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Likewise, domestic violence has been identified as a predictor of depression ( 35 ). Moreover, emotional exhaustion has been higher in women than men during the COVID-19 pandemic ( 32 , 36 , 37 ), which has been directly associated with the increase or onset of depression ( 38 ). In addition, the mental health status of women in Latin America depends on several social determinants: unequal access to education and work and their benefits, as well as exposure to violence and lack of adequate reproductive health, which affect their psychological well-being ( 39–41 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Chilean higher education students, post-pandemic

et al. 2023

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BackgroundMental health among university students is a public health problem in Chile, understanding that this population is susceptible to mental disorders.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the prevalence and variables influencing depression, anxiety, and stress in Chilean university students.MethodA representative sample (n = 1,062) of Chilean university students and a cross-sectional study design were used. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors associated with symptomatology. They were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A questionnaire with sociodemographic variables was applied in November 2022, in addition to the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21), instruments with excellent reliability in this population (α = 0.955; ω = 0.956). On the other hand, the Questionnaire of Problematic Alcohol and Drug Consumption (DEP-ADO) was applied. A descriptive analysis was performed, followed by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression using SPSS version 25. The variables showed a value of p <0.05; they were declared statistically significant in the final model. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted to a 95% confidence interval (95% CI), which was used to determine the independent predictors.ResultsThe prevalence of mental health problems in this population was high, with depressive symptoms in 63.1% of the sample; 69.2% with anxiety; 57% with stress; 27.4% with problematic alcohol consumption; and 14.9% with inappropriate marijuana consumption. Some 10.1% of the sample reported daily medication with antidepressants and/or anxiolytics. Concerning significant variables for depression, these were: being female, belonging to sexual, not having children, having problematic marijuana use, and using prescription drugs. Concerning anxiety, the significant variables were being a woman, belonging to sexual minorities, being an adolescent, and consuming prescription medication. Finally, concerning stress, the significant variables were being a woman, belonging to sexual minorities, being a student dedicated exclusively to academic activities, and taking prescription medication.ConclusionChilean university students presented a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress, where being female and belonging to sexual minorities seem to be the variables that have the greatest impact on susceptibility to mental health problems. These results should call the attention of political and university authorities in Chile to improve this population’s mental health and quality of life since they are the following professional generation of our country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Chilean higher education students, post-pandemic

et al. 2023

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“…In the current study, the 19-25 and 36-45 age groups reported significant associations with depression. A published study from China confirmed that the young adult group (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) suffered from mental health issues (Qiu et al, 2020). 13 A study published in Spain demonstrated a similar finding of high depression and stress in young adults 18-33 years old (Jiménez et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study's cut-off scores were derived from Lovibond and Lovibond (1995). After multiplying each subscale by 2, the results were categorized as follows: depression-normal (0−9), mild (10−13), moderate (14−20), severe (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and extremely severe (≥28); anxiety-normal (0−7), mild (8−9), moderate (10−14), severe (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and extremely severe (≥20); and stress-normal (0−14), mild (15−18), moderate (19−25), severe (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) and highly severe (≥34). Summed scores of 10 and above indicated depression, eight and above marked anxiety, and 15 and above labeled it as stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 and Its Associated Factors Among People Living in Abha City, Saudi Arabia

Asiri,

Dawria,

Narapureddy

et al. 2023

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Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets from an infected person and contact with tainted surfaces or items. Social distancing became the primary measure of preventing the spread of COVID-19, with the principal aim being to reduce the probability of contact with an already infected person. Social distancing can be distressing, as it is against the community's way of life. Saudi Arabia imposed a curfew and suspended all religious, entertainment, sporting, and mass congregations. The daily updates on COVID-19 infection and mortality are upsetting and further, aggravate depression and anxiety. With this background, this study was planned with the following objectives. To determine the sociodemographic profile of the study participants, to find the prevalence of psychological morbidity, and to measure the association between the sociodemographic details, COVID-19 associated factors, and psychological effects among Abha citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the Abha city population from August 2021 to July 22. This study followed snowball sampling, the data was collected using an online Google form the link was shared in WhatsApp groups and through emails to contacts, asking friends to share it with their friends, until reaching the adequate sample size the responses were accepted. Results: A total of 530 participated, and their age ranged from 19 -70 years. Many of the participants (34.5%, n=183) belonged to 36-45 years old. Most of the responders were 69.8% married and Females (69.2%, n=367). Half of the participants had been quarantined (49.6%), and 51.5% were scared from fear of COVID-19. 64.8% of the participants had depression; 14.2%, 20.8%, 13.6%, and 16.2% had mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe depression, respectively. Around 58.2% of participants suffered from anxiety; 5.8% experienced mild anxiety, 21.7% moderate anxiety, and 30.7% severe anxiety. The proportion of stress among the participants was 45.0%; 10.8% had mild stress, 9.4% had moderate stress, and 24.5% had severe to extremely severe stress. Conclusions: COVID-19 poses mental health problems among individuals and communities. There is a need to find the more susceptible individuals for mental health issues or other psychological disorders. Mental health and psychological problems can be resolved with health education, counseling, and appropriate interventions to curb the negative health impacts of COVID-19.

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“…Periods of self-isolation in a pandemic situation were associated with considerably increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, which represent internal conditions that directly and adversely affect the general well-being of an individual (Makarova & Tsvetkova, 2020;Almondes et al, 2021;Nash, 2021). For example, a study of emotional exhaustion in Chilean students during the pandemic showed that 15 % of students had serious mental health problems; moderate depression increased from 17.7 % to 20.7 %, severe depression increased by 5.2%, severe anxiety increased from 16.7 % to 26.4 %, and severe stress increased from 9.4 % to 15.9 % (Martinez-Libano, Yeomans, & Oyanedel, 2022). Emotional exhaustion refers to a situation that negatively affects an individual's life and that is characterized by a considerable decrease in psychological well-being (Chertovikova, 2018;Eidel'man, 2016;Hendriksen et al, 2021;López-Valenciano, Suárez-Iglesias, Sanchez-Lastra, & Ayán, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Исследование Адаптационного Потенциала В Разных Возрастных Группах Студентов В Период Пандемии

Куликова¹,

Филиппова²

2022

РПЖ

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Введение. Авторами доказывается актуальность изучения адаптационного потенциала студентов в период пандемии, выявления его параметров, как основы психического здоровья и психологического благополучия. Описана структура, ключевые критерии адаптационного потенциала в их связи с жизнестойкостью. Новизна исследования заключается в изучении связи психологической гибкости, как предиката адаптивности, с другими проявлениями адаптационных механизмов; изучении динамики показателей адаптивности на разных этапах юности. Методы. Приняли участие студенты в возрасте от 18 до 24 лет (Mean ± SD = 20,7 ± 1,8) в количестве 67 человек. Диагностический материал: тест жизнестойкости С. Мадди; схемный опросник Янга «YSQ-S3R»; опросник «Способы совладающего поведения» (WSQ) Лазаруса; клинический опросник для выявления и оценки невротических состояний (К. К. Яхин, Д. М. Менделевич). Статистическая обработка данных проводилась в программе SPSS Statistics 27 (IBM). Методы математической статистики: коэффициент корреляции Пирсона; параметрический t-критерий Стьюдента и U-критерий Манна – Уитни для независимых выборок. Результаты и их обсуждение. Корреляционный анализ выявил наличие сильных обратных корреляций жизнестойкости с дезадаптивными схемами «уязвимость» и «недоверие», «покорность», «неуспешность», «жесткие стандарты», «зависимость/беспомощность» и «дефективность», невротическими состояниями, копинг-стратегиями. В результате были определены две противоположные адаптационные тенденции к условиям пандемии в разных возрастных группах. Шкалы РДС и копинг-стратегии имеют многочисленные положительные связи, за исключением стратегии «планирование решения», которая имеет отрицательные связи с некоторыми обнаруженными в выборке схемами. Авторы рассматривают РДС как проявление психологической ригидности, снижающее адаптивный потенциал; отсутствие выраженных дезадаптивных схем повышает адаптационный потенциал. В заключение делается вывод о наличии положительной возрастной динамики в развитии адаптивных возможностей личности: с возрастом повышаются показатели жизнестойкости, снижаются проявления РДС.

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Psychometric Properties of the Emotional Exhaustion Scale (ECE) in Chilean Higher Education Students

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Prevalence and variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Chilean higher education students, post-pandemic

Prevalence and variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Chilean higher education students, post-pandemic

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 and Its Associated Factors Among People Living in Abha City, Saudi Arabia

Исследование Адаптационного Потенциала В Разных Возрастных Группах Студентов В Период Пандемии

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