Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Perinatal Bereavement Care Confidence Scale (C-PBCCS) in nursing practice

Abstract

Background The Perinatal Bereavement Care Confidence Scale (PBCCS) was designed to evaluate midwives’ and nurses’ confidence and its psychosocial factors to provide bereavement care in Ireland. However, it is unknown whether this scale is valid and reliable for use with midwives and nurses in China. The aim of this study was to translate the English version into Chinese (C-PBCCS) and determine its validity and reliability in a population of Chinese midwives and nurses. Methods In this cross-sectional observational study, after translating the English version of the PBCCS into Chinese and ensuring the linguistic adequacy and clarity of the language, we evaluated the validity and reliability of the C-PBCCS with Chinese midwives and nurses (n = 608). Participants were recruited using convenience sampling from 10 maternity hospitals in Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to determine the construct validity (n = 304). Another sample of 304 midwives and nurses was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify the quality of the factor structures. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Guttman split-half coefficient were adopted for the evaluation of internal consistency. The STROBE was followed in reporting the results. Results The 43-item PBCCS was reduced to 40 items. Bereavement support knowledge (13 items, three factors), Bereavement support skills (eight items, two factors), Self-awareness (eight items, two factors), and Organizational support (11 items, two factors). The CFA suggested that the four scales in the C-PBCCS had acceptable fit indices. The Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.835–0.901. The Guttman split-half coefficient was between 0.868–0.933. Conclusion The C-PBCCS was found to be a psychometrically sound measurement tool to evaluate Chinese-speaking midwives’ and nurses’ confidence and the psychosocial factors that affect their confidence in providing perinatal bereavement care.

Exploring interactions between women who have experienced pregnancy loss and obstetric nursing staff: a descriptive qualitative study in China

“…At present, there is no routine emotional support for the women and obstetric nursing staff in China. The majority of nurses and midwives had not received training in perinatal bereavement care (85.2%) [ 32 ].…”

The mothers' breastfeeding behavior within six weeks postpartum: new scale development and psychometric validation study

“…The Cronbach's α coe cient and the split-half coe cient were used to verify the internal reliability. The results showed that Cronbach's α coe cient and split-half coe cient of scale were above reference, indicating that the scale has an excellent internal consistency according to the standard classi cation recommendation [48,49]. The result showed that the re-test coe cient of the scale was exceeded the suggested value, meaning the scale has the capability for obtaining a stable result under similar external conditions and has acceptable external reliability [50].…”

Effectiveness of the implementation of a perinatal bereavement care training programme on nurses and midwives: protocol for a mixed-method study

“…Chinese nursing staff are unfamiliar with how to provide high-quality perinatal bereavement care. It is reported that the majority of Chinese nurses and midwives had not received training in perinatal bereavement care (85.2%) 47. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem to construct the PBCTP preparing competent nurses and midwives to provide this special care in the context of China.…”

“…It is reported that the majority of Chinese nurses and midwives had not received training in perinatal bereavement care (85.2%). 47 Therefore, it has become an urgent problem to construct the PBCTP preparing competent nurses and midwives to provide this special care in the context of China. Although a series of PBCTPs have been designed and conducted, [60][61][62][63] the lack of a theoretical basis, long-term follow-ups, valid and reliable evaluation tools and comprehensive training contents were the main deficiencies of the existing education programmes.…”

“…The original scale was developed by Kalu et al 46 This scale was first translated into Chinese and the 43-item PBCCS was reduced to 40 items. 47 It contains 4 scales, including bereavement support knowledge (13 items), bereavement support skills (8 items), self-awareness (8 items) and organisational support (11 items). The items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree.…”