Psychometric properties of quantitative sensory testing focusing on healthy and patients with shoulder pain: a systematic review protocol

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a battery of non-invasive psychophysical methods to assess the function of somatosensory system. Although the use of QST is widespread and several studies in patients with chronic shoulder pain have used it, the level of evidence for the psychometric properties has not been established. The aim of this protocol is to investigate, through a systematic review, the level of evidence for the psychometric properties of QST in the shoulder.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> For conducting and reporting this review the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments (COSMIN) guidelines will be used. Nine databases including PubMed, Medline, AMED (via EBSCO), PEDRO, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, SportDiscus, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library will be searched for the period from their inception until September 2021. Two reviewers (BP and SK) will independently evaluate the retrieved articles (titles and abstracts) and the psychometric characteristics checklist based on the standards from the COSMIN. The modified grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to assess the overall quality of the evidence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evaluation of the level of evidence for the psychometric properties of QST in the shoulder is an essential step for evidence-based assessment in clinical practice.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Trial registration:</strong> PROSPERO registration number is CRD42021232778.</p>

The effect of resistance exercise on multimodal pain thresholds in local and systemic muscle sites

“…The deltoid was chosen as it is a consistent measure used in QST testing in healthy individuals. (Bilika et al., 2023 ) For the lower body exercise, HPT and PPT applied to the quadriceps examined a “local” EIH response while the low back and deltoid examined a “distant” or “systemic” EIH response. (Jones et al., 2016 ; Vaegter & Graven‐Nielsen, 2016 ) These testing sites were consistent with prior studies implementing isometric quadriceps exercise.…”