Psychometric properties and validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in a population attending an HIV clinic in Cali, Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Depression in people living with HIV/AIDS is associated with poor health outcomes. Despite this, assessment of depressive symptoms is not a routine clinical practice in the care of people with HIV in Colombia. One reason could be the lack of validated depression screening scales for this population.Objective: To test the reliability and construct validity of the 20- and 10-item-Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in patients attending an HIV clinic in Cali, Colombia.Materials and methods: A non-random sample of 105 adults was enrolled. The 20 item-CES-D (CES-D-20) scale was administered twice: At baseline and 2-4 weeks later. We calculated the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. In addition, we used an exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis, as well as the item response theory to assess the validity of the scale.Results: Most participants were men (73%), with a mean age of 40 years, 53% of whom had not completed high school. Cronbach’s coefficients were 0.92 and 0.94 at baseline and at the second interview, respectively. The intraclass correlation was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). Although all 20 items loaded distinctly in 4 factors, 5 items did not load as expected. The structure factor of the CES-D-20 was not confirmed, as 4 items had poor goodness of fit. The CES-D-10 appeared to perform better in this population. Conclusions: These results support the reliability and validity of the CES-D-10 instrument to screen for depressive symptoms in people living with HIV in Colombia.

The Mediating Role of Teacher Identification in the Relationship Between Psychological Distress and Teacher Satisfaction During COVID-19

“…The reliabilities of the various scales ( α = 0.85-0.92; ω = 0.83-0.93) can be considered highly satisfactory. They also compare favorably with previously reported reliabilities for the BHS, 50 CES-D, 56 TIS, 44 and the TSS. 55 …”

“…The reliabilities of the various scales (α = 0.85-0.92; ω = 0.83-0.93) can be considered highly satisfactory. They also compare favorably with previously reported reliabilities for the BHS, 50 CES-D, 56 TIS, 44 and the TSS. 55 The indices of psychological distress (ie, depression and hopelessness) were negatively related to teaching satisfaction (hopelessness: r = −.37, 95% CI [−0.46, −0.28], P < .001; depression: r = −.38, 95% CI [−0.47, −0.29], P < .001) and professional identification (hopelessness: r = −.39, 95% CI [−.48, −.30], P < .001; depression: r = −.41, 95% CI [−.50, −.32], P < .001) and positively related to each other (r = .61, 95% CI [0.54, 0.67], P < .001).…”

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in Older Persons With HIV

“…Screening for depression and assessment of its severity are important, as depression affects quality of life, medical compliance, and ART adherence [ 46 ]. Multiple tools have been used in PWH to screen for depression, including a screening Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) with subsequent diagnostic PHQ-9 [ 46 , 47 ], the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) [ 48 ], or the Center for Epidemiological Studies (CES-D) [ 49 ]. Although as many as 14 tools have been used to screen for PTSD in PWH [ 45 ], the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) has been validated for use in HIV primary care [ 50 ].…”

What Is the Optimal Cut-Off Point of the 10-Item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Screening Depression Among Chinese Individuals Aged 45 and Over? An Exploration Using Latent Profile Analysis

“…Previous research comparing the CES-D-10 and the full scale has found high item–total correlations and comparable accuracy between them ( 8 , 10 , 11 ). The psychometric properties of the CES-D-10 have been evaluated in populations from various cultural backgrounds and with various clinical conditions, such as older adults in the United States ( 12 ), China ( 13 ), and Singapore ( 14 ), adolescents in Canada ( 15 ) and South Africa ( 16 ), HIV-positive people in Canada ( 10 ) and Colombia ( 17 ), psychiatric patients in the United States ( 18 ) and Japan ( 19 ), and multi-racial college students from 27 low- and middle-income countries ( 20 ), which all demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity. Moreover, when compared with a formal psychiatric diagnosis or DSM-IV diagnosis of depression, the CES-D-10 at specific cut-offs produced acceptable sensitivity and specificity ( 19 , 21 ), such that it exhibited adequate capacity to distinguish participants with and without depression.…”