Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Kessler-10 among Ethiopian adults

Milkias, Barkot; Ametaj, Amantia; Alemayehu, Melkam; Girma, Engida; Yared, Mahlet; Kim, Hannah; Stroud, Rocky E.; Stevenson, Anne; Gelaye, Bizu; Teferra, Solomon

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.013

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The CFA with DWLS estimation (see Table 2), revealed that the unifactorial and two-factor models of the 10-item scale present a good fit of the data, although the model with correlated intercepts is the one presenting the best fit. This is in line with previous reports [22,23]. However, item eight showed poor factor saturation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This was true for the total sample and the groups of men and women. These findings are consistent with preliminary studies in adult populations for both the 9-item version [24] and versions using correlated intercepts models [22,23]. Again, this is the first study reporting these results on adolescent populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Although the K-10 is indeed presented as an instrument evaluating only one factor (psychological distress), there is a considerable debate that questions this view. Some evidence indicates that the unifactorial model of the K-10 presents a better fit, when in addition, the model includes correlated errors with the items Nervous-Very Nervous, Restless-Very Restless and Sad-Very sad [22,23]. Other studies consider, rather, a two-factor structure: (a) anxiety, including the items Fatigued, Nervous, Very Nervous, Restless, Very Restless and No Energy; and (b) depression, including the items Hopeless, Sad, Very Sad and Useless [15,16,20].…”

Section: Psychometric Properties Of the K-10mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador

Fernández

Pilco

Moreta-Herrera

et al. 2023

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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The Kessler psychological distress scale is a useful tool for identifying possible psychological problems and has been widely used in research and health services. Unfortunately, its application in various populations has not always been psychometrically supported. For this reason, the present study investigated the psychometric properties of its Spanish version in adolescents, verifying its factorial structure, measurement invariance by gender, internal consistency and the discrimination and difficulty parameters of its items according to the Item Response Theory (IRT). A sample of 5132 Ecuadorian adolescents was evaluated. The sample is equally distributed between male and female participants (50%) and basic and higher education (51% the former). All participants were between 11 and 20 years old. The results show that a 9-item version with correlated intercepts presents the best fit. In addition, it is invariant by gender at a strict level and has adequate internal consistency. IRT analyses indicated that all the items, except for item eight, present adequate discrimination and difficulty. Based on these results, we conclude that the 9-item version of the Psychological Distress Scale is the most appropriate for this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Psychometric Properties Of the K-10mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador

Fernández

Pilco

Moreta-Herrera

et al. 2023

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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“…While EFA yielded a four-factor structure, and CFA confirmed this to be the best-fitting model, a one-factor solution of non-specific psychological distress with correlated errors also showed good results with regards to fit indices and is consistent with prior studies [ 3 , 6 , 20 , 39 ]. A unidimensional model with correlated errors appears to be a more appropriate model given its adequacy of fit and correlation with previous theory and research [ 3 , 6 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Studies in other countries have reported similar RMSEA values for a unidimensional model [ 15 , 38 ], although multifactorial models have shown better fit in other countries, particularly in Australia [ 38 , 40 ] and specifically in clinical populations [ 15 ]. Both unidimensional models and multidimensional models for the K-10 have shown adequate fit in other LMICs, such as Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and West Bank territory [ 8 , 14 , 20 , 37 , 39 ]. Next to the four-factor solution, our findings suggest a unidimensional model for the K-10 in South Africa, which is consistent with work on the K-6 [ 3 ], and helps confirm its construct validity within this context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construct validity and factor structure of the Kessler-10 in South Africa

et al. 2022

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Background The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) is a short screening tool developed to identify, with good sensitivity, non-specific psychological distress in the general population. Sensitivity and specificity of the K-10 have been examined in various clinical populations in South Africa; however, other psychometric properties, such as construct validity and factor structure, have not been evaluated. We present evidence of the prevalence and severity of psychological distress in an outpatient setting in South Africa and evaluate the internal reliability, construct validity, and factor structure of the K-10 in this population. Methods We explored prevalence estimates of psychological distress using previously established cutoffs and assessed the reliability (consistency) of the K-10 by calculating Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlations and omega total and hierarchical coefficients. Construct validity and factor structure of the K-10 were examined through split-sample exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), comparing several theoretical models and the EFA. Results Overall, there was low prevalence of psychological distress in our sample of 2591 adults, the majority of whom were between the ages of 18–44 (77.7%). The K-10 showed good construct validity and reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 and omega total of 0.88. EFA yielded a four-factor solution with likely measurement artifacts. CFA showed that the four-factor model from EFA displayed the best comparative fit indices, but was likely overfitted. The unidimensional model with correlated errors was deemed the best fitting model based on fit indices, prior theory, and previous studies. Conclusion The K-10 displays adequate psychometric properties, good internal reliability, and good fit with a unidimensional-factor structure with correlated errors. Further work is required to determine appropriate cutoff values in different populations and clinical subgroups within South Africa to aid in determining the K-10’s clinical utility.

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The epidemiology of mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: Cross-cultural measurement, risk factors, and outcomes

Gelaye¹,

López‐Jaramillo²

2023

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Kessler-10 among Ethiopian adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador

Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador

Construct validity and factor structure of the Kessler-10 in South Africa

The epidemiology of mental illness in low- and middle-income countries: Cross-cultural measurement, risk factors, and outcomes

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