Psychometric Properties and Correlates of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in Family Caregivers of Nigerian Patients with Psychiatric Disorders in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Objectives:To examine the construct and correlates of hopelessness among family caregivers of Nigerian psychiatric patients.Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 264 family caregiver-patients’ dyads recruited from two university teaching hospitals psychiatric clinics in Southwestern Nigeria.Results:Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor 9-item model of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) among the family caregivers. Confirmatory factor analysis of the model revealed satisfactory indices of fitness (goodness of fit index = 0.97, comparative fit index = 0.96, Chi-square/degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) = 1.60, root mean square error of approximation = 0.048, expected cross-validation index = 0.307, and standardized root mean residual = 0.005). Reliability of the scale was modestly satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha 0.72). Construct validity of scale was supported by significant correlations with the family caregivers’ scores on the Zarit Burden Interview, mini international neuropsychiatric interview suicidality module, General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The greatest variance in the family caregivers’ scores on the BHS was contributed by their scores on the psychological distress scale (GHQ-12).Conclusions:The BHS has adequate psychometric properties among Nigerian psychiatric patients’ family caregivers. There is the need to pay attention to the psychological well-being of the family caregivers of Nigerian psychiatric patients.

Análisis factorial confirmatorio y propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck en estudiantes en contextos de pobreza en México

“…De acuerdo con el estudio la escala arrojó una alta fiabilidad (ω = .89). Los resultados del presente estudio coincidieron con lo reportado por Beck et al (1974;α =.93) y Zhang et al (2015;α = .95) quienes trabajaron con pacientes con intento suicida, y con Chang et al (1994;ω = .95), Steed (2001;α = .88, Aloba et al (2018;α = .87), Hanna et al (2011;87) y Aloba et al (2016) (α = .87) con universitarios y con Szabó et al (2016) en población clínica psiquiátrica (α = .89). De este modo, se observó que los resultados también coincidían con lo reportado por Aloba et al (2015) en población clínica psiquiátrica (α = .92), y con Zhang et al (2015;α = .90), Satorres et al (2016;α = .93) y Kao et al (2012;α = .85), en población general.…”

“…De este modo, se observó que los resultados también coincidían con lo reportado por Aloba et al (2015) en población clínica psiquiátrica (α = .92), y con Zhang et al (2015;α = .90), Satorres et al (2016;α = .93) y Kao et al (2012;α = .85), en población general. No obstante, los resultados del presente estudio difieren de los publicados por Gonzales-Huerta et al (2013) con población clínica no psiquiátrica (α = .73), Aloba et al (2016) en cuidadores familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos (α = .72), Kocalevent et al (2016) en población general (α = .81), Pompili et al (2007;α = .73) y González (2009;α = .83) en universitarios. De acuerdo con los análisis de este estudio, la BHS es fiable para los estudiantes mexicanos en contextos de pobreza, Asimismo, las diferencias encontradas con los demás estudios son esperadas toda vez que se utilizaron distintas pruebas de fiabilidad y poblaciones de estudios La estructura factorial de la BHS parece ser diferente para cada población.…”

“…El análisis de la BHS arrojó correlaciones positivas y significativas con las variables de depresión y ansiedad. Los resultados de este estudio coincidieron con lo reportado por Szabó et al (2016), Zhang et al (2015), Aloba et al (2015), Kao et al (2012), Spangenberg et al (2016), Kocalevent et al (2016), Aloba et al (2016), Iliceto y Fino (2015), Kliem et al (2018), Aloba et al (2018), Hanna et al (2011) y González (2009. Además, se demostró la validez predictiva de la BHS, dado que la desesperanza de vida predice la depresión y la ansiedad.…”

Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Beck hopelessness scale (BHS): results from a German representative population sample

“…A similar item behavior was observed by Durham [7] who found that item #13 had the same item difficulty in a student sample as in psychiatric samples. In the following studies, one or more of the problematic items exhibited low item-total correlations or very low factor loadings: Aloba, Ajao, Alimi and Esan [37], Fisher and Overholser [38], Perczel Forintos, Sallai and Rózsa [39], Pompili, Tatarelli, Rogers and Lester [40], Steed [41], Szabó et al [17], Tanaka, Sakamoto, Ono, Fujihara and Kitamura [15], Young, Halper, Clark, and Scheftner [35]. However, the undesired properties of these items are not universal.…”

Psychometric Adaptation of the Beck Hopelessness Scale as a Self-Rated Suicide Risk Screening Instrument Among Nigerian University Students

“…A research inventory compiled specifically for the study consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) were completed by the students. The interviews of the students with the items of the MINI Suicidality module were conducted by the authors and four research assistants who had all been trained in the use of the MINI and were involved in previous studies (Aloba at al., 2016;Aloba et al, 2017) in which the MINI Suicidality module was applied. colleagues in 1974 (Beck et al, 1974), based on his cognitive theory of depression.…”