Psychometric characteristics of the “General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) » in a French representative sample of patients with schizophrenia

Abstract

BackgroundThe “General Oral Health Assessment Index” (GOHAI) was widely used in clinical or epidemiological studies worldwide, as it was available for use in different languages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the GOHAI in a representative sample of patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 90 schizophrenic patients (in-patients and out-patients) were recruited from the participants of the “buccodor study” (NCT02167724) between March and September 2015. They were selected using a random stratified sampling method according to their age, sex, or residential area (urban/rural area). GOHAI validity (construct, predictive, concurrent and known group validity) and internal consistency (reliability) were tested. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in 32 subjects.ResultsThe mean age was 47.34 (SD = 12.17). Internal consistency indicated excellent agreement, with a Cronbach’s value of 0.82 and average inter-item correlation of 0.65. Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability with 95% confidence intervals were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Construct validity was supported by three factor that accounted for 60.94% of the variance observed. Predictive validity was corroborated as statistically significant differences were observed between a high GOHAI score, which was associated with self-perceived satisfaction with oral health, lower age and high frequency of toothbrushing. Concurrent validity was corroborated as statistically significant relationships were observed between the GOHAI scores and most objective measures of dental status. For known group validity, they was no significant difference of the mean GOHAI score between out or in-patients (p > 0.05).ConclusionAcceptable psychometric characteristics of the GOHAI could help caregivers to develop ways to improve the Oral Health related Quality Of Life of schizophrenic patients.Trial registrationClinical Trials Gov NCT02167724. Date registered 17 June, 2014.

Factors associated with oral health‐related quality of life in patients with diabetes

“…It also has been used in a cohort of adults with a chronic disease . A recent study validated the French translation of the GOHAI in a population of adults with a mental pathology (mean age 47 years) . We did not have a control group without diabetes, because our aim was not to compare people with and without diabetes but rather to work on people with diabetes and to compare them both by status (T1DM/T2DM) and according to glycaemic balance.…”

Associations between Age, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, and Oral and Swallowing Function among Psychiatric Inpatients in Japan : a cross-sectional study

“…A previous study reported that the correlations between the OHRQoL and oral clinical status among elderly individuals with mild dementia were weaker than those among elderly individuals with normal cognitive function. However, some studies that investigated the OHRQoL among psychiatric patients and used the GOHAI questionnaire with similar exclusion criteria reported that the reliability of the questionnaire was good [25,26]. Third, this study was a cross-sectional study.…”

“…The mean±SD of the GOHAI score was 49.7±7.9 in this study. A previous study in France reported that the mean±SD of the GOHAI score was 45.5±8.4 among schizophrenic patients and that the GOHAI score was lower than that of the general population [26]. A previous study in Japan reported that the mean GOHAI scores among general Japanese adults (20-69 years) ranged from 51.3 to 54.8 [16].…”

“…However, a previous study showed that the sensitivity and speci city of the EAT-10 for the screening of oropharyngeal dysphagia with an optimal cut-off score of 2 were 0.89 and 0.82, respectively, suggesting that the discriminatory ability of the EAT-10 questionnaire for the clinical screening of oropharyngeal dysphagia is very high and that it is a useful method [53]. Fifth, a similar approach for investigating psychiatric patients' OHRQoL was used in French study [26]. Finally, other factors, such as chewing function [22], nutritional status [24], and cognitive function status [25], might be associated with OHRQoL.…”

“…Several studies have reported that age, number of remaining teeth, regular dental check-ups, chewing function, and cognitive function were associated with GOHAI [20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, there are few studies regarding psychiatric patients' OHRQoL [26,27] and no studies regarding the associations between age, OHRQoL, and oral health, including oral and swallowing function, among psychiatric patients.…”