Psychology in industry.

Viteles, Morris S.

doi:10.1037/h0070328

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…DeMeuse (1987) found that, in the Journal of Applied Psychology, for the years 1917 through 1919, 16.7% of the senior authors were women, and for the years 1920 through 1929, 24.6% of the senior authors were women. In addition, reviews of journal articles by Kornhauser (1922), Moore and Hartmann (1931), and Viteles (1926) revealed some scholarship produced by women.…”

Section: Contributions To I/o Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

American female pioneers of industrial and organizational psychology during the early years.

Koppes¹

1997

Journal of Applied Psychology

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American female psychologists who contributed to the development of industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology during the early years are presented. An overview of the education, scholarship, practice, and professional service activities is provided for 4 pioneers (Marion Almira Bills, Elsie Oschrin Bregman, Lillian Moller Gilbreth, and Mary Holmes Stevens Hayes). These early female I/O psychologists blended research, applications of psychology, and service in ways that prefigure current science and practice within the field. Incorporating women into the history of I/O psychology is imperative to the attainment of a more complete understanding of the past and a fuller comprehension of the present. In addition, lessons for current and future I/O psychologists are ascertained from the accomplishments of these pioneers.However carefully the present is studied and however refined the techniques of analysis, the present is not fully comprehended if the past is ignored or distorted. (Gutman, 1977, p. 259) This article presents female psychologists who contributed through scholarship, practice, and service to the discipline of industrial psychology (now known as industrial and organizational [I/O] psychology) during its developmental years . Changes in society, generally, and in psychology, particularly, combined with opportunistic approaches and individual characteristics (e.g., intelligence, assertiveness, perserverance) empowered these individuals to research and practice I/O psychology. Their accomplishments illustrate the modern idea of the scientist-practitioner model; they used scientifically rigorous methods to conduct research in applied settings and upheld scientific integrity when implementing the results of

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Section: Contributions To I/o Psychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

American female pioneers of industrial and organizational psychology during the early years.

Koppes¹

1997

Journal of Applied Psychology

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“…The extensive work of German investigators in the development of tests for the selection of apprentices in the metalworking industries has been reviewed in this country primarily by Viteles (100,101,102,103,104,105) who has frequently pointed out that Germany was a leader in this field. In fact, as early as 1921 it was reported that one-half of the large metal works in Germany were using psychological tests in the selection of workers; and manufacturers, schools, and labor unions had combined to require the use of such tests as preliminary to the acceptance of an applicant for an apprenticeship in the metal trades industry (100).…”

Section: Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptitude testing for metalworking occupations.

Hardtke¹

1945

Psychological Bulletin

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NTRODUCTIONThe basic importance of the various metalworking occupations to the productive capacity of a nation has probably never been so forcefully demonstrated as it has been in the past several years. Both the earlier defense program and the more recent war production program presented ample evidence of the need for skilled and semi-skilled workers in the metal trades before full-scale production can get under way. Despite the fact that the United States is considered to be the most highly industrialized nation in the world, surprisingly little work (and much of that inadequate according to present standards) has been done to determine the aptitudes required of an individual for successful performance in occupations comprising the metal trades. A disproportionate amount of study appears to have been devoted to the clerical and sales occupations in the commercial field. This resume with its appended bibliography is intended to call attention to a fertile field for aptitude studies and to provide a review of the pertinent studies reported prior to October, 1943.The references reviewed are limited to those which investigated the aptitudes necessary for successful performance in the skilled metalworking occupations carrying occupational codes ranging from 4-71.000 through 4-95.999. Reference to Part II of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (109, pages 80-87) will disclose that the following three-digit occupational groups are included under this classification of Metalworking Occupations: 4-71 Jewelers, Watchmakers, Goldsmiths, and Silversmiths 4-72 Occupations in Manufacture of Clocks, Watches, Jewelery, and Articles of Precious Metals 4-73 Engravers 4-74 Occupations in Electroplating, Galvanizing, and Related Processes 4-75 Machinists-. . . . . . . 4-76 Toolmakers and Die Sinkers and Setters 4-77 Filers, Grinders, Buffers, and Polishers (Metal) 4-78 Machine Shop and Related Occupations 4-80 Tinsmiths, Coppersmiths, and Sheet-Metal Workers 4-81 Moklers 4-82 Foundry Occupations 4-83 Boilermakers 4-84 Structural-and Ornamental-Metal Workers 4-85 Welders and Flame Cutters 4-86 Blacksmiths, Forgemen, and Hammermen 4-87 Heat Treaters, Annealers, and Tempere'rs * This paper is based on the introductory material contained in the author's thesis (34) submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Wisconsin in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.f On military leave.

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“…Such factors are also considered by Fox (64), who finds in them the chief source of industrial trouble. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL A comprehensive bibliography is included with the review by Viteles (171) on psychology in industry to which the present review is a supplement. Many titles on tests, rating scales, job analysis, etc., .…”

Section: Other Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology in industry.

Viteles¹

1928

Psychological Bulletin

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the writer published a review of the more important titles on psychology in industry appearing up to April, 1926 (171). In the present article are reviewed publications in this field appearing between April and December, 1926, inclusive, making it possible to include hereafter in an annual review material published from January to December of a given year. In the present review, as in the one referred to above, the practice has been followed of limiting reference to books specifically devoted to the application of psychology in industry and to articles in this field appearing in the technical journals.VOCATIONAL SELECTION /. General Among major contributions on the application of psychology in the selection of workers is a volume on employment psychology by Burtt (42). This represents the most comprehensive survey of material and methods for scientific selection published to date. Its inclusiveness and its unbiased, almost uncritical presentation of material, accomplishments, techniques, and points of view make it particularly suitable as a text for students in courses in vocational psychology. Psychological tests of vocational aptitude, trade tests, rating scales, other determinants of vocational aptitude, statistical methods, etc., are

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Psychology in industry.

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

American female pioneers of industrial and organizational psychology during the early years.

American female pioneers of industrial and organizational psychology during the early years.

Aptitude testing for metalworking occupations.

Psychology in industry.

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