Psychologists in Industry

Canter, Ralph R.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1948.tb01302.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Psychologists in increasing numbers were employed full-time by private industry (Canter, 1948; Haire, 1959; Katzell, 1962). During the 1950s, a number of companies established sizable research groups, including AT & T, General Electric, Prudential Insurance, Metropolitan Life, Sears-Roebuck, and Standard Oil of New Jersey (Dunnette, 1962).…”

Section: World War II To the Mid-1960smentioning

confidence: 99%

From then to now: The development of industrial-organizational psychology in the United States.

Katzell

Austin²

1992

Journal of Applied Psychology

114

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This article reviews the development of industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology in the United States since its beginnings at about the turn of the century. The history is divided into periods, within which are described topics, roles, and forces, with the goal of explaining as well as describing developments. Among the conclusions are that I-O psychology is a dynamic field that has been making contributions both to the science of behavior and to industrial society and that those contributions have been underestimated by some and possibly overestimated by others. Among the problems still facing the field is the disjunction between science and practice. However, in principle, that and other bipolarities can be made complementary.

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Section: World War II To the Mid-1960smentioning

confidence: 99%

From then to now: The development of industrial-organizational psychology in the United States.

Katzell

Austin²

1992

Journal of Applied Psychology

114

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“…Employers were more eager than ever before to hire technical personnel specialists to design training, selection, and compensation programs, as well as to conduct attitude surveys. According to one psychologist, employers had become "psychologically minded" (Canter, 1948), ready to embrace the notion that "the whole question of efficiency and productivity boils down to one thing: understanding the MOTIVATIONS of your employees and taking steps to SATISFY them" (Research Institute of America, 1949). By 1948, 30 per cent of large corporations had a psychologist on staff, while others employed sociologists, psychiatrists, and anthropologists (Bennett, 1948).…”

Section: Wartime Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employee Attitude Surveys in Historical Perspective

Jacoby¹

1988

Industrial Relations

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The history of employee attitude testing in American industry is presented as an example of how behavioral science has been used by management as a tool for solving industrial relations problems. Developed in the twenties, worker attitude surveys were widely used during the late thirties and after World War II to improve employee relations and employee loyalty. Problems associated with surveying, including the inexperience and naiveté of the survey takers, led industry to form close ties with academic behavioral scientists.

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“…Various descriptions of the functions of industrial psychologists have been published within the past few years (Canter, 1948;McCormick, 1955;Stagner, 1957;Taft, 1946). They include, in their collective job description of the industrial psychologist, the following areas of activity: job analysis and job Approximately 75 psychologists, all of whom had some direct connection with the field, were interviewed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%