Psychological variables underlying political orientations in an old and a new democracy: A comparative study between Sweden and Latvia

Dimdiņš, Ģirts; Sandgren, Maria; Montgomery, Henry

doi:10.1111/sjop.12314

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A further variation of this unidimensional approach is to compute a compound political orientation variable even when the measures employed have tapped into several dimensions (e.g., Wester et al, 2015). Other studies, however, use "left-right" and "liberal-conservative" axes as separate items, indicating a belief that they are not the same, and possibly that each political dimension may have a unique relationship with moral foundations (e.g., Dimdins, Sandgren, & Montgomery, 2016;Kivikangas et al, 2017;Scott & Pound, 2015). Whether various conceptualizations and operationalizations of political orientation are similarly associated with the moral foundations is currently unknown, hampering researchers planning new studies.…”

Section: Mft and The Assumptions About Its Relationships With Politicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral foundations and political orientation: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kivikangas

Fernández-Castilla

Järvelä

et al. 2021

Psychological Bulletin

104

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We investigate the findings that liberals and conservatives rely on different moral foundations. We conducted a comprehensive literature search from major databases and other sources for primary studies that used the Moral Foundations Questionnaire and a typical measure of political orientation, a political self-placement item. We used a predefined process for independent extraction of effect sizes by two authors and ran both study-level and individual-level analyses. With 89 samples, 605 effect sizes, and 33,804 independent participants, in addition to 192,870 participants from the widely used YourMorals.org website, the basic differences about conservatives and liberals are supported. However, heterogeneity is moderate, and the results may be less generalizable than previously thought. The effect sizes obtained from the YourMorals.org data appear inflated compared to independent samples, which is partly related political interest and may be due to selfselection. The association of moral foundations to political orientation varies culturally (between regions and countries) and subculturally (between White and Black respondents an in response to political interest, but not in relation to other demographics). The associations also differ depending on the choice of the social or economic dimension and its labeling, supporting both the bidimensional model of political orientation and the findings that the dimensions are often strongly correlated. Oue findings have implications for interpreting published studies, as well as designing new ones where the political aspect of morality is relevant. The results are primarily limited by the homogeneity of the measures and included studies in terms of sample origins. MORAL FOUNDATIONS AND POLITICAL ORIENTATION Meta-analysis on correlation studies (not experimental)

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Section: Mft and The Assumptions About Its Relationships With Politicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral foundations and political orientation: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kivikangas

Fernández-Castilla

Järvelä

et al. 2021

Psychological Bulletin

104

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“…Specifically, we [46]. We conducted a secondary analysis on data from 11 969 participants in 19 countries: Australia [47] (n = 1115), Belgium [48] (n = 493), China [49] (n = 393), France [50] (n = 213), Hungary [51] (n = 403), Iran [52] (n = 501), Japan [53] (n = 534), South Korea [54] (n = 478), Latvia [55] (n = 264), Mongolia [56] (n = 444), the Netherlands [48] (n = 285), Poland [57] (n = 1702), Russia [56] (n = 468), Serbia [58] (n = 240), Spain [59] (n = 240), Sweden [60,61] (n = 2068), Turkey [62] (n = 1465), UK [63] (n = 273), and USA (Amazon Mechanical Turk) (n = 390). The median sample size was 444.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

2020

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Most of the empirical research on sex differences and cultural variations in morality has relied on within-culture analyses or small-scale cross-cultural data. To further broaden the scientific understanding of sex differences in morality, the current research relies on two international samples to provide the first large-scale examination of sex differences in moral judgements nested within cultures. Using a sample from 67 countries (Study 1; n = 336 691), we found culturally variable sex differences in moral judgements, as conceptualized by Moral Foundations Theory. Women consistently scored higher than men on Care, Fairness, and Purity. By contrast, sex differences in Loyalty and Authority were negligible and highly variable across cultures. Country-level sex differences in moral judgements were also examined in relation to cultural, socioeconomic, and gender-equality indicators revealing that sex differences in moral judgements are larger in individualist, Western, and gender-equal societies. In Study 2 (19 countries; n = 11 969), these results were largely replicated using Bayesian multi-level modelling in a distinct sample. The findings were robust when incorporating cultural non-independence of countries into the models. Specifically, women consistently showed higher concerns for Care, Fairness, and Purity in their moral judgements than did men. Sex differences in moral judgements were larger in individualist and gender-equal societies with more flexible social norms. We discuss the implications of these findings for the ongoing debate about the origin of sex differences and cultural variations in moral judgements as well as theoretical and pragmatic implications for moral and evolutionary psychology.

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“…Past studies have revealed that the individualizing moral intuitions are primarily associated with preference for equality and (low) social dominance, whereas the binding intuitions are primarily associated with resistance to change and authoritarianism (Federico, Weber, Ergun, & Hunt, 2013;Nilsson & Erlandsson, 2015). Humanism is primarily associated with the first group of constructs, whereas normativism is primarily associated with the second group of constructs (Dimdins, Sandgren, & Montgomery, 2016;Nilsson & Jost, 2017;Nilsson & Strupp-Levitsky, 2016). In addition, resistance to change is closely related to social right (vs. left) self-placement, while preference for equality is more closely related to economic left (vs. right) self-placement (Feldman & Johnston, 2014).…”

Section: Models Of Political Orientationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond “liberals” and “conservatives”: Complexity in ideology, moral intuitions, and worldview among Swedish voters

Nilsson¹,

Montgomery²,

Dimdiņš³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This research investigated the congruence between the ideologies of political parties and the ideological preferences (N = 1515), moral intuitions (N = 1048), and political values and worldviews (N = 1345) of diverse samples of Swedish adults who voted or intended to vote for the parties. Logistic regression analyses yielded support for a series of hypotheses about variations in ideology beyond the left-right division. With respect to social ideology, resistance to change and binding moral intuitions predicted stronger preference for a social democratic (vs. progressive) party on the left and weaker preference for a social liberal (vs. social conservative or liberal-conservative) party on the right. With respect to political values and broader worldviews, normativism and low acceptance of immigrants predicted the strongest preference for a nationalist party, while environmentalism predicted the strongest preference for a green party. The effects were generally strong and robust when we controlled for left-right self-placements, economic ideology, and demographic characteristics. These results show that personality variation in the ideological domain is not reducible to the simplistic contrast between 'liberals' and 'conservatives', which ignores differences between progressive and non-progressive leftists, economic and green progressives, social liberal and conservative rightists, and nationalist and non-nationalist conservatives.

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Psychological variables underlying political orientations in an old and a new democracy: A comparative study between Sweden and Latvia

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Moral foundations and political orientation: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Moral foundations and political orientation: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sex differences in moral judgements across 67 countries

Beyond “liberals” and “conservatives”: Complexity in ideology, moral intuitions, and worldview among Swedish voters

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