“…Approximately half of the studies (53%) comprised an all-female sample, with the remaining studies being an all-male sample (Ray, 1997) or a mixed sample ranging from 27% to 90% female participants. The age range across studies varied from 5 to 91 years, with over half the studies being predominantly derived from a child and/or adolescent sample (for example, 5-19 years; N = 30, 51%; Allen & Tarnowski, 1989;Deb & Mukherjee, 2009;Deb et al, 2016;Esparza & Esperat, 1996;German et al, 1990;Kinard, 1980;Mannarino et al, 1994Mannarino et al, , 1989Mannarino et al, , 1991Mennen, 1994;Mernen & Meadow, 1994;Milan & Pinderhughes, 2000;Mota & Matos, 2015;Oates et al, 1985;Oates et al, 1994;Orr & Downes, 1985;Reyes, 2008;Reyes et al, 1996;Riesen & Porath, 2004;Rogosch & Cicchetti, 2005;Runyon et al, 2009;Rust & Troupe, 1991;Silva & Calheiros, 2020;Simmons & Weinman, 1991;Solomon & Serres, 1999;Stern et al, 1995;Stovall & Craig, 1990;Tong et al, 1987;Trickett et al, 2001;Wonderlich et al, 2001); followed by adult samples (for example, 17-91 years; N = 27, 46%; Alexander & Lupfer, 1987;Brayden et al, 1995;Briere & Rickards, 2007;Classen et al, 1998;…”