Psychological Profile in Female Cyclists and Its Relationship with Age, Training Parameters, Sport Performance, and Injury Incidence

Cano, Lucía Abenza; Chung, Linda H.; Vaquero-Cristóbal, Raquel; Mateo-Orcajada, Adrián; Encarnación-Martínez, Alberto

doi:10.3390/ijerph18073825

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Regarding motivation, the results are contrary to those of previous studies conducted on soccer players in which no differences in motivation were found between the different playing positions [ 37 ]. This could be due to the fact that the present research was conducted with elite female players, while the previous research was conducted on amateur players [ 37 ], since the performance obtained during training and matches is highly related to the extrinsic motivation of the players [ 38 ]. Thus, elite players show a higher performance than amateurs in shooting and passing ability, as well as in the ability to sprint [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Psychological Variables and the Performance of Female Futsal Players according to Playing Position, Match Result and Menstruation

Rico-Lara

Mateo-Orcajada

Cano

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Futsal performance has been extensively investigated in previous studies, demonstrating that the psychological state of the players or the playing position condition performance. However, research with female indoor soccer players is scarce; therefore, menstruation has not been considered as a determinant aspect for performance in females. Previous research has shown the influence of menstruation on the psychological state and performance of players of different sports; however, there is no known research on female futsal players. For this reason, the aims of the present research were to establish the differences in pre-match psychological variables and offensive performance as a function of playing position, match result and menstruation. A total of 132 s division Spanish players participated in the research. All participants completed the Questionnaire of Psychological Needs of the Athlete-15, and their regular league matches were recorded and subsequently analyzed to determine their offensive performance. The results showed differences according to playing position: pivots and closers showed greater motivation than wings, while the pivots showed greater activation and shots on goal than the wings and closers. Regarding match results, pivots demonstrated more shots on goals than closers only when the match was lost. In addition, the motivation and activation of the pivots, as well as the number of shots on goal, were higher than that of the wings and closers only when they were not menstruating.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Psychological Variables and the Performance of Female Futsal Players according to Playing Position, Match Result and Menstruation

Rico-Lara

Mateo-Orcajada

Cano

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Another important reason for the sex difference in participation might be psychological motives. Exercise is often used to compensate for stress, as a coping mechanism, to find inner peace, and to build self-esteem [ 48 ]. Due to existing sex differences in psychological variables, such as competitive anxiety, emotional stability, or emotion control [ 48 ], it is important to include psychological motives, which may lead to the assumption that women tend to choose the less challenging races for different motivational reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours

et al. 2021

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Background and objective: Existing research shows that the sex differences in distance-limited ultra-cycling races decreased with both increasing race distance and increasing age. It is unknown, however, whether the sex differences in time-limited ultra-cycling races will equally decrease with increasing race distance and age. This study aimed to examine the sex differences regarding performance for time-limited ultra-cycling races (6, 12, and 24 h). Methods: Data were obtained from the online database of the Ultra-Cycling Marathon Association (UMCA) of time-limited ultra-cycling races (6, 12, and 24 h) from the years 1983–2019. A total of 18,241 race results were analyzed to compare cycling speed between men and women by calendar year, age group (<29; 30–39; 40–49; 50–59; 60–69; >70 years), and race duration. Results: The participation of both men (85.1%) and women (14.9%) increased between 1983 and 2019. The age of peak performance was between 40 and 59 years for men and between 30 and 59 years for women. Between 2000 and 2019, more men (63.1% of male participants and 52.2% of female participants) competed in 24 h races. In the 24 h races, the sex difference decreased significantly in all age groups. Men cycled 9.6% faster than women in the 12 h races and 4% faster in the 24 h races. Both women and men improved their performance significantly across the decades. Between 2000 and 2019, the improvement in the 24 h races were 15.6% for men and 21.9% for women. Conclusion: The sex differences in cycling speed decreased between men and women with increasing duration of ultra-cycling races and with increasing age. Women showed a greater performance improvement than men in the last 20 years. The average cycling speed of men and women started to converge in the 24 h races.

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Association of self-efficacy and mental toughness with sport performance in Brazilian futsal athletes

2023

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IntroductionSelf-efficacy is considered a component of mental toughness, but there are few studies investigating the relationship of sport self-efficacy with mental toughness in performance athletes, especially in team sports.ObjectiveThe objective was to examine the impact of sport self-efficacy mediated by mental toughness on the sport performance of Brazilian futsal athletes.MethodsThe sample was composed of five adult male teams participating in the National Futsal League 2020, totaling 77 athletes. As instruments, we used: athlete identification sheet, Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale in Sports (PSES), Mental Toughness Index (MTI) questionnaire and the performance data from the National Futsal League 2020 (NFL). The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Mann–Whitney “U” test, Spearman’s correlation, network analysis (LASSO), with the indicators of centrality: strength, proximity and degree of intermediation (p < 0.05).ResultsThe results showed that the investigated sample presented high levels of Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale in Sports (PSES) (Md = 4.66) and mental toughness (MT) (Md = 6.44). PSES presented a positive relationship with the number of wins, and negative relationships with the number of red cards and wrong passes (r = −0.08). MT indirectly influenced these variables through its connection with PSES (r = 0.30). The best ranked teams presented higher amounts of goals for, fouls, shots on goal, tackles, assists, and wins. The time of practice revealed an inverse relationship with the number of defeats, while age was positively related to the number of wrong passes (r = 0.09). The centrality indicators showed that the number of games stood out as the most central variable in the network, due to its degree of strength, proximity and intermediation. Moreover, the high degree of proximity and intermediation of the tackles made presented a connection with the number of assists (γ = 0.25; n = 77).ConclusionWe can conclude that sport self-efficacy and mental toughness are intervening factors in the sport performance of Brazilian futsal athletes.

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Psychological Profile in Female Cyclists and Its Relationship with Age, Training Parameters, Sport Performance, and Injury Incidence

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Differences in Psychological Variables and the Performance of Female Futsal Players according to Playing Position, Match Result and Menstruation

Differences in Psychological Variables and the Performance of Female Futsal Players according to Playing Position, Match Result and Menstruation

Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours

Association of self-efficacy and mental toughness with sport performance in Brazilian futsal athletes

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