Psychological preparation for surgery improves care

The Interface of Copyright and Human Rights: Access to Copyright Works for the Visually Impaired

“…26 Similarly, art 30(a) of the Convention refers to accessible formats of cultural materials. 27 Although the Convention does not explicitly defines an accessible format, its art 2 refers to braille, large print, audio, and human-reader as means of communicating content to persons with disabilities. 28 The Marrakesh Treaty defines an accessible format copy as: 29 … a copy of a work in an alternative manner or form which gives a beneficiary person access to the work, including to permit the person to have access as feasibly and comfortably as a person without visual impairment or other print disability.…”

“…26 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities [CRPD] 2515 UNTS 3 (opened for signature 13 December 2006, entered into force 3 March 2008) art 21(a). 27 CRPD, art 30(a). 28 CRPD, art 2.…”

“…The concept of equality is one way of defining what discrimination means. 27 A formal approach to equality (formal justice) prescribes that equal treatment is achieved when individuals who are alike are treated alike. 28 According to the CESCR, "eliminating formal discrimination requires ensuring that a State's constitution, laws and policy documents do not discriminate on prohibited grounds."…”

“…Copyright Working Group that adopted a set of criteria in one of its meetings in 2001. 27 The criteria were to be used by EBU "as a means of judging proposals for legislation in relation to copyright and visually impaired people." The criteria included a list of requirements for future legislation such as ensuring equitable access for the visually impaired, format-neutrality, and wide range of beneficiaries.…”

“…26 Infosoc Directive, above n 12, Recital 43. 27 The European Blind Union (EBU) is a non-governmental and non-profit making organisation and one of the six regional bodies of the World Blind Union. Under the private copying limitation offered by art 5(2) (b) of the Infosoc Directive, individuals with visual impairment can make private accessible copies of copyright protected works.…”