Psychological impact of disasters on children: review of assessment and interventions

Kar, Nilamadhab

doi:10.1007/s12519-009-0001-x

Cited by 198 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In a review of studies by Kar (2009), the prevalence of PTSD was 5–43%. Comorbidities were common, especially with depression and anxiety.…”

Section: Disaster Risk Communication and Pre-event Strategies: Implemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An unknown number of children die each year, and many children experience physical injuries and mental health effects following natural disasters. It is estimated that 5–43% of affected children will experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and many will suffer from depression, anxiety and other mental health effects (Kar, 2009). The number of affected children deems it important to develop steps to increase survival and mitigate aftereffects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Midtbust

Dyregrov

Djup

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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A vast number of people annually are affected by natural disasters. Children are at risk of losing their lives and suffer mentally or physically after such events. The fostering of resilience and preparedness ahead of disasters can reduce untoward effects of disastrous events. Risk communication and disaster education are considered important aspects of disaster preparedness, but little is known about whether such strategies influence children’s behaviour when natural disasters occur or how they cope in the aftermath. This paper presents and discusses various strategies that promote preparedness activities to save lives. To a minor extent, it also includes strategies that can promote coping in the aftermath. Strategies such as informational campaigns, educational activities, psychoeducation and parental guidance are addressed. The literature to date indicates that schools are a suitable arena for risk communication, and that adolescents themselves should be involved and engaged in the communication strategies. However, the relationship between knowledge of preparedness strategies and the resulting preparedness actions is largely unknown. It is unknown whether changes in awareness and attitudes have resulted in actual behaviour change. It is advocated that preparedness activities and parental involvement should supplement information-based strategies.

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“…In a review of studies by Kar (2009), the prevalence of PTSD was 5–43%. Comorbidities were common, especially with depression and anxiety.…”

Section: Disaster Risk Communication and Pre-event Strategies: Implemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Midtbust

Dyregrov

Djup

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…Sin embargo, no todo el impacto es explicado por estas cuatro variables incluidas en el modelo. La parte no explicada podría estar relacionada con: variables geográficas y económicas tales como el costo de la reconstrucción de los hogares, el grado de destrucción de la ciudad o barrio en donde la persona reside; variables psicosociales como el grado de vulnerabilidad de las personas que sufrieron la catástrofe; y también con la variable tiempo, es decir con el efecto distinto que pueden tener estas variables a medida que transcurre el tiempo después de una catástrofe (Groome y Soureti, 2004;Khan, Masood, Mukhtar, Sana y Chaudhry, 2010;Kar, 2009;Kar et al, 2007;Önder et al, 2006;Ticehurst, Webster, Carr y Lewin, 1996). A su vez, desde el punto de vista de la salud mental, tampoco se controló el número de síntomas de TEPT que presenta la población.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…De hecho, en el TEPT, los síntomas pueden aparecer después de 6 meses (Priebe et al, 2009). El caso de la crisis de pánico es aún más complejo: se sabe que las víctimas de desastres presentan síntomas de este trastorno tanto inmediatamente (Kar, 2009) como hasta tres años después de una catástrofe (Önder, Tural, Aker, Kılıc y Erdoğan, 2006). Es tal el impacto de un terremoto que variables ambientales cobran relevancia.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Creación de un indicador de impacto de terremotos a partir de datos recogidos en personas que vivieron el 27-F

Leiva-Bianchi

2010

Salud soc.

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RESUMENEl 27 de febrero de 2010 la zona central de Chile sufrió un terremoto como pocos en la historia mundial. Este estudio cuantifica el impacto de este evento mediante la creación de un indicador de impacto de terremotos en las personas (IITP). Para esto, se midieron en 264 participantes las siguientes variables: daño físico de la vivienda, coste de los enseres perdidos, distancia del domicilio al epicentro y cantidad de síntomas de pánico. Luego, se realizan dos análisis factoriales: exploratorio (AFE) para extraer un factor común (impacto) y cuantificarlo; y confirmatorio (AFC) para conocer el ajuste del modelo. Posteriormente, mediante un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple se obtienen los coeficientes que permiten definir el IITP. Los resultados evidencian el adecuado ajuste del modelo (CMIN=1.374, RMSEA=.038, NFI=.921 y CFI=.974) además del buen funcionamiento del IITP. Se confirma que el impacto fue mayor en las zonas costeras afectadas por el terremoto y el tsunami. Finalmente se expone la utilidad de esta nueva herramienta que permite cuantificar el impacto de un evento catastrófico como éste mediante 16 preguntas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Índice de impacto, Terremoto, Ataque de pánico, 27 de febrero de 2010. ABSTRACTOn February 27, 2010 central Chile suffered an earthquake as few in world history. This study tries to quantify the effect of this event by creating of one indicator of earthquake impact in people (IIEP). For this, the following variables were measured, in a sample of 264 people: physical damage of houses, cost of the lost belongings, home distance from the epicenter and number of symptoms of panic attack. Two factor analyses were performed: an exploratory (EFA) to extract a common factor (impact) and quantify it; and a confirmatory (CFA) to determine the fit of the model. Subsequently, by a multiple linear regression, the coefficients were used to define the IIEP. The results demonstrate the very adequate model fit (CMIN=1.374, RMSEA=.038, NFI=.921 and CFI=0.974) in addition to the adequate operation of the IIEP. In fact, it predicted that the impact was greater in coastal areas affected by the earthquake and tsunami. Finally we explain the usefulness of this new tool to quantify the impact of a catastrophic event like this, with 16 questions.

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“…The number of children seriously injured or dying from such disasters each year is unknown but immense, and added to this are the mental consequences. Estimates are that 5–43% of affected children will experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and many suffer from depression, anxiety or other mental health disturbances (Kar, 2009). With climate change, the mental health burden on children and families can be expected to rise.…”

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confidence: 99%

Children and natural disasters

Dyregrov

Yule

Olff

2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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The number of children affected by natural disasters each year is alarmingly high and can be expected to rise as climate change continues. The mental consequences have been documented not only in the rates of post-traumatic stress symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder, but also for depression and other mental health problems. To contribute towards the knowledge in this area, this special issue of the European Journal of Psychotraumatology focuses on how children can be prepared for natural disasters and the mental health aspects of such events. It includes articles on communicating risks to children, involving children in disaster risk reduction, and the mental health consequences for children from an earthquake, a volcanic eruption, a flood and a hurricane. In this special issue specifically focusing on children and natural disasters, we hope to enhance our understanding of some of the complex pathways and pave the way for improving our interventions.

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Psychological impact of disasters on children: review of assessment and interventions

Abstract: Following disaster, systematic screening for psychological problems in children is suggested. An integrated approach using psycho-socio-educational and clinical interventions is expected to be effective.

Cited by 198 publications

References 52 publications

Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Communicating with children and adolescents about the risk of natural disasters

Creación de un indicador de impacto de terremotos a partir de datos recogidos en personas que vivieron el 27-F

Children and natural disasters

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