Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Pakistani University Students and How They Are Coping

Salman, Muhammad; Asif, Noman; Zu, Mustafa; Tm, Khan; Shehzadi, Naureen; Hussain, Khalid; Tahir, Hammad; Mh, Raza; Mt, Khan

doi:10.1101/2020.05.21.20108647

Cited by 97 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The present study assessed the psychological impact (depression, anxiety, and stress) and its associated factors among university students in the Bench-Sheko zone South-west, Ethiopia. This study revealed that the prevalence of depression was 21.3%, which is in line with a review of existing literature (16-28%), 9 but lower than studies conducted in Pakistan (45%), Spain (34.1%), 12,13 and higher than Iran (15%) and India (13.97%). 14,15 The present study also indicated that the prevalence of anxiety was 27.1%, this finding is supported with a study done in China (24.9%) and review of existing literature (16-28%), 9,16 but higher than Iran (20%), India (12.63%) and Spain (21.3%), [13][14][15] and lower than a study done Jordan (69.5%), Pakistan (34%), France (60.2%), and Turkey (69.9%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…14,15 The present study also indicated that the prevalence of anxiety was 27.1%, this finding is supported with a study done in China (24.9%) and review of existing literature (16-28%), 9,16 but higher than Iran (20%), India (12.63%) and Spain (21.3%), [13][14][15] and lower than a study done Jordan (69.5%), Pakistan (34%), France (60.2%), and Turkey (69.9%). 12,[17][18][19] Furthermore, this study also showed that the prevalence of stress was 32.5%. This result is supported with a study done in Spain (28.14%), 13 but higher than Indian (15.57%), 15 and lower than a study done in France (61.6%), and Jordan (69.5%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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<p>The Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bench-Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study</p>

Shifera¹,

Ayenew²,

Mekuria³

2020

PRBM

110

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Background: Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause a wide range of illness from the common cold to more severe diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic is a public emergency of international concern that affects several nations. The widespread outbreak of COVID-19 virus has brought not only the risk of death but also major psychological pressure. However, the psychological impact on university students has not been studied in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the psychological impacts of COVID-19 pandemic among university students in Bench-Sheko Zone, Southwest , Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15 to June 15/2020. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. The data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify candidates and independent factors respectively. Independent factors of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using AORs with 95% confidence level at P-value <0.05 cut point. Results: Three hundred and twenty-two university students were included with a 97.5% response rate. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 21.2%, 27.7%, and 32.5%, respectively. Being female, staying at home, history of medical illness, and poor and moderate social support increased the risk of depression. Not living with their parents, relatives got coronavirus and low family income were risk factors for anxiety. Moreover, substance use, depression, anxiety, and poor social support were increasing the risk of stress among university students. Conclusions and Recommendations: This study revealed a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among university students. Thus, governments and policy makers should develop health system strategies to provide crisis-oriented psychological services for university students to minimize the mental health impact of the outbreak.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

<p>The Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bench-Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study</p>

Shifera¹,

Ayenew²,

Mekuria³

2020

PRBM

110

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“…Huang & rong Liu (2020) found that religion as component of emotion-focused coping has been used as coping strategy during the COVID-19 outbreak. These ndings also corroborate results of another study which found students in Pakistan are using religious/spiritual coping in given situation of pandemic (Salman et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…According to World Health Organization (2020a), novel coronavirus has spread across the globe affecting more than 10.5 million and killing more than 0.5 million people worldwide. In Pakistan, rst case of Coronavirus appeared on 26 th February 2020 (Salman et al, 2020). Until now, 217,809 people are diagnosed while 4470 died due to coronavirus (WHO, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross Sectional Survey of Pakistani Muslims Coping Health Anxiety through Religiosity during COVID-19 Pandemic

Mahmood

Sohail²,

Akram

2020

Preprint

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This study aims to investigate the role of religiosity in coping with health anxiety during the outbreak of COVID-19, a deadliest pandemic of century which is still affecting billions of lives globally. Using online survey method, the researchers collected the data from 408 Pakistani Muslim respondents. Health anxiety and religious coping were measured through seven items Likert scales. Psychometric analysis showed that both scales, health anxiety (Cronbach’s alpha ά=.87, composite reliability CR=.869) and religious coping (Cronbach’s alpha ά=.893, composite reliability CR=.888), showed good internal consistency. Path analysis, structural equational modeling performed, was performed. All the fit indices (GFI=.932, CFI=.954, TLI=.941, RMSEA=.073 & RMR=.035) were within acceptable limit. The regression results indicated that those who were suffering with health anxiety opted religious coping (β=.54, R2=.29, p<.001). These findings can be helpful for psychiatrists, physicians and researchers to understand psychological complications pertaining infectious diseases.

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“…For instance, one study of students has shown moderate anxiety and distress as pandemic affects daily life activities in Pakistan [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoon Eye Effect Vs. Ripple Effect: The Role of Family Size on the Mental Health Under the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan

Lateef

Chen

Tahir

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The recent outbreak of COVID-19 impacts the mental health of people worldwide. The mental conditions and the associated predictors of adults in Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, during the COVID-19 remains understudied. We aim to investigate distress, anxiety and overall mental health and their associated predictors among Pakistani adults in this pandemic. We specifically examine the mental health issues based on the distance to the epicenter, a predictor that has revealed opposing evidence in other countries based on the theories of typhoon eye effect and ripple effect. The samples consist of 601 adults who were surveyed online about 2.5 months into the outbreak across Pakistan with varying distance to the epicenter of COVID-19 of Karachi in Pakistan. Results: The results showed that 9.2% and 19.0% of the participants surpassed the cut-off of distress and anxiety disorders, respectively. Overall, the distance to the epicenter positively predicted the mental health of adults in Pakistan, and family size negatively moderated this effect. The distance to the epicenter negatively predicted distress and anxiety disorders for adults in large families, which are quite common in Pakistan. Conclusion: The evidence of the study interestingly finds the prediction of the mental health of people by their distance to the epicenter depends on the family. The evidence of this study can help to provide the initial indicator for mental health care providers to screen vulnerable groups in Pakistan, a populous country that continues to struggle to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Pakistani University Students and How They Are Coping

Cited by 97 publications

References 14 publications

<p>The Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bench-Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study</p>

<p>The Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bench-Sheko Zone, South-west Ethiopia: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study</p>

Cross Sectional Survey of Pakistani Muslims Coping Health Anxiety through Religiosity during COVID-19 Pandemic

Typhoon Eye Effect Vs. Ripple Effect: The Role of Family Size on the Mental Health Under the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan

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