Psychological empowerment: Definition, measurement, and validation.

Abstract

Psychological empowerment was defined from the perspective of the individual employee, and a measure was developed using three different samples. The psychologically empowered state was considered to be a cognitive state characterized by a sense of perceived control, perceptions of competence, and internalization of the goals and objectives of the organization. Using an initial sample of 311 employed individuals (41% women, 45% Francophone), a 9-item, 3-factor scale of psychological

The effect of preceptor role effectiveness on newly licensed registered nurses' perceived psychological empowerment and professional autonomy

“…A cognitive state characterized by a perceived sense of having the control and competence necessary to function in one's professional role and internalization of goals set by the organization governing the individual (Menon, 1999).…”

Money-earning activities and empowerment experiences of rural migrant women in the city

“…The term empowerment is often used to refer to women's empowerment, although there are also other contexts in which the term is used, such as empowerment of employees in organizations (Menon, 1999). Empowerment of different groups of women (e.g., older women, Gaylord, 1999; battered women, Busch & Valentine, 2000; homeless women, Doyle, 1999), as well as empowerment in relation to different issues (e.g., participatory research, Scheyvens & Leslie, 2000; participatory planning, Lennie, 1999; access to credit programs, Nanda, 1999;and condom use, Gollub, 2000) has been the subject of many studies.…”

Consumer Behavior and Psychological Empowerment: Proposing a Measurement Scale

“…The scales of ( [27], [31],and [20]) measuring psychological empowerment in organization explain employees' behavior and assimilate psychological empowerment with intrinsic motivation, which tends to exclude extrinsic motivation. [29]used her measurement scale in management contains "auto-…”