Psychological distress and diabetes self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid serious mental illness

Mental health nursing care for people with diabetes mellitus: An integrative review

“…The individualized interventions helped to support people with MDs in self-managing their DM. VI Web of Science Wu, et al 2020/China ( 35 ) Randomized observational study/ Tertiary care Integrated and shared mental health care such as psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and self-management education should be offered to people with severe DM and MDs. These measures indicated protection from feelings of psychological distress or worsening of existing MD conditions.…”

“…Self-management interventions were highlighted in this review as evidence of mental health care. The fact that the person with DM achieves autonomy in their treatment and positive results in glycemic levels and other self-management indicators seems to reduce MD symptoms and feelings of psychological distress ( 25 , 31 , 35 , 42 ) .…”

“…For clinical nursing practice, self-management interventions should be aimed at encouraging and improving self-care, as they can bring benefits and promote the person’s autonomy to manage DM and MDs. This care is pointed out in the literature as enhancing engagement in treatment, in the learning process, and improving overall well-being ( 35 ) . This mental health care is presented in a complex way, since it involves planning aspects related to achieving objectives, intensity, duration, environment, mode of operation (group or individual), type, and training of the health professional or patient ( 32 , 43 - 44 ) .…”

“…Self-management is influenced by behavioral psychology and based on theories of behavior change in health, such as social cognitive theory and the theory of rational action and planned behavior, among others. During this intervention, health professionals work with the individual on their drug therapy, healthy eating, physical activity, monitoring glucose levels, and regular appointments ( 35 , 42 ) . In this context, it is important to emphasize the need for nurses to be equipped with mental health theoretical frameworks ( 41 ) , through training aimed at early detection and more accurate and comprehensive interventions for people with DM and MDs.…”

“…This reality can result in blood glucose instability and subsequent complications, as well as physical, psychological, and social health challenges. All these variables cause a low state of functional health and unsatisfactory self-management ( 35 ) . Early recognition of these aspects in this population, especially in facilities that are gateways to the health system, is fundamental ( 12 ) .…”