Psychological burden of quarantine in children and adolescents: A rapid systematic review and proposed solutions

Imran, Nazish; Aamer, Irum; Sharif, Muhammad Imran; Bodla, Zubair Hassan; Sattar, Naveed

doi:10.12669/pjms.36.5.3088

Cited by 164 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Additionally, communicating with children about how they are processing the information will provide children with the emotional tools they require to do well in quarantine [27]. Not only can parents inform children about quarantine, but they can also employ "positive parenting" [31]. Children are prone to observe parents' and family members' moods during quarantine, which the children react to.…”

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children are prone to observe parents' and family members' moods during quarantine, which the children react to. Through positive parenting, parents, guardians, and family members can create consistent daily routines to avoid the distress of unstructured days [31][32].…”

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, children can be taught coping mechanisms to self-regulate their own emotions without dependence on others. One method that achieves this goal is behavioral activation, which focuses on participating in activities they enjoy and not employing avoidance behaviors [31][32]. Alongside the other interventions mentioned above, behavioral activation can help children improve their problem-solving skills by engaging in healthy behaviors rather than unhealthy ones [27].…”

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alongside the other interventions mentioned above, behavioral activation can help children improve their problem-solving skills by engaging in healthy behaviors rather than unhealthy ones [27]. Due to the isolation indirectly imposed by the pandemic, children would be expected to prosper better in these times when they are taught ways to help themselves [31,35].…”

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents

Shah¹,

Mann²,

Singh³

et al. 2020

Cureus

141

130

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first reported in Wuhan, China, and was later reported to have spread throughout the world to create a global pandemic. As of August 18th, 2020, the coronavirus had spread to more than 216 countries with at least 21,756,357 confirmed cases, resulting in 771,635 deaths globally. Several countries declared this pandemic as a national emergency, forcing millions of people to go into lockdown. This unexpected imposed social isolation has caused enormous disruption of daily routines for the global community, especially children. Among the measures intended to reduce the spread of the virus, most schools closed, canceled classes, and moved it to home-based or online learning to encourage and adhere to social distancing guidelines. Education and learnings of 67.6% of students are impacted globally due to coronavirus in 143 countries. The transition away from physical classes has significantly disrupted the lives of students and their families, posing a potential risk to the mental wellbeing of children. An abrupt change in the learning environment and limited social interactions and activities posed an unusual situation for children's developing brains. It is essential and obligatory for the scientific community and healthcare workers to assess and analyze the psychological impact caused by the coronavirus pandemic on children and adolescents, as several mental health disorders begin during childhood. Countries across the globe, including the United States, are in the dilemma of determining appropriate strategies for children to minimize the psychological impact of coronavirus. The design of this review is to investigate and identify the risk factors to mental health and propose possible solutions to avoid the detrimental consequence of this crisis on the psychology of our future adult generations.

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Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence-based Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents

Shah¹,

Mann²,

Singh³

et al. 2020

Cureus

141

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lack of social interaction also has a negative impact as more time passes for older people, as evidenced by a large cross-sectional study in the UK 64 . Children have reported being more restless, irritable, and inattentive during the lockdown with increased screen time being the likely contributor 65 . Girls and women confined to homes and quarantine facilities face increased family tensions, an overload of domestic work, and remain vulnerable to physical and emotional abuse 66 .…”

Section: Emotional Wellbeing and Social Connectednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Lockdown and Lifestyles – A Narrative Review

Doraiswamy¹,

Cheema²,

Mulla³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: While controlling the COVID-19 pandemic has been the primary objective worldwide, its effect on human behavior, altered lifestyles, and in turn, the impact on chronic non-communicable diseases cannot be ignored. Ten months into the pandemic, much-published literature has emerged on altered lifestyles following the lockdown measures imposed by governments all over the world to control the virus spread. Objective: In this narrative review, we explore the impact of lockdown measures on the six lifestyle factors – namely, diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods: We searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and included 298 articles. Using a meta-ethnographic approach, we provide an interpretative synthesis of relevant articles. Results: Among the six lifestyle factors, most of the retrieved articles focused on stress, emotional well-being, and physical activity. Fewer articles discussed alterations in dietary habits, sleep patterns, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other harmful substances. Most of the articles included in our review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Interestingly, encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a small number of articles included in our review. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions: These unprecedented circumstances provide an opportunity to better understand the negative impact of strict lockdown measures on lifestyles, and at the same time, help identify and initiate positive behavioral changes, which if consolidated, may improve chronic disease outcomes in the long run. It would be up to governments, communities, and academia to learn - and benefit from lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic - with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.

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