Psychological aspects of high and low blood pressure

Pilgrim, John

doi:10.1017/s0033291700026787

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…s Key words blood pressure · hypotension · cognitive performance · attention · reaction time sulting in higher live expectancy compared to normotension and hypertension [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced cognitive performance and prolonged reaction time accompany moderate hypotension

2003

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“…s Key words blood pressure · hypotension · cognitive performance · attention · reaction time sulting in higher live expectancy compared to normotension and hypertension [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced cognitive performance and prolonged reaction time accompany moderate hypotension

2003

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“…The spectrum of symptoms experienced by hypotensives is heterogeneous and includes fatigue, dizziness, headache, breathing difficulties, and loss of appetite. Cold hands and feet, paleness, and sweating are also commonly reported (Parati, Di Rienzo, Coruzzi, & Castiglioni, ; Pilgrim, ; Wessely, Nickson, & Cox, ). In addition to somatic symptoms, hypotensive sufferers often complain of cognitive disturbances, with deficits being particularly prominent in the areas of attention and memory (Duschek, Matthias, & Schandry, ; Stegagno, Angrilli, Costa, & Palomba, ).…”

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Cardiovascular down‐regulation in essential hypotension: Relationships with autonomic control and sleep

et al. 2013

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In this work, we aimed to clarify the autonomic involvement in the cardiovascular down-regulation in essential hypotension. The relationships between cardiovascular response and sleep quality were also examined. Thirteen female hypotensives and 13 female normotensives performed a stress task followed by polysomnography. Measures derived from blood pressure monitoring, impedance cardiography, and heart rate variability were collected. Hypotensives exhibited lower cardiovascular and autonomic activation than controls during the task. While a better sleep quality (i.e., higher sleep efficiency and lower nocturnal wakefulness) correlated with a reduced reactivity in normotensives, the opposite pattern occurred in hypotensives. The results suggest that a blunted response in both autonomic branches underlies the cardiovascular hypoactivation in hypotension. Further, good sleep seems to be associated with optimal levels of physiological reactivity.

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“…In the face of hypertension as a major risk factor for coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases, hypotension might therefore seem to be a desirable state at first glance. However, physicians are frequently faced with patients displaying subjective symptoms that seem to be very common, but not specific, among hypotensive patients such as: drop in performance, reduced drive and concentration, tiredness, problems getting started in the morning, enhanced urge for sleep, dizziness, buzzing in the ears, palpitations, heartache, headache, lack of appetite or cold hands and feet (Weiss and Donat, 1982;Pilgrim, 1994).…”

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Early contingent negative variation of the EEG and attentional flexibility are reduced in hypotension

Weisz¹,

Schandry²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2002

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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This study explored the question as to whether hypotension is related to decreased attentional performance and reduced cortical activation. A total of 50 females aged 19-44 years participated in the study. Attentional performance was assessed using three subtests of the Attentional and Cognitive Efficiency (ACE) battery. Contingent negative variation (CNV) as a measure of cortical activation was registered during a constant fore-period reaction time paradigm: two conditions were defined using tones as S1 (80 or 60 dB) and S2 (70 dB). The following results were obtained. Hypotensive patients performed significantly more poorly on one subtest of the ACE, which indicates a reduced speed for switching from a routine to a controlled response (quantifying attentional flexibility). They also had longer reaction times and revealed a significantly smaller amplitude of the early CNV component. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between systolic blood pressure and the amplitude of the early CNV component. The data support previous findings that hypotension can be related to lowered cortical activation and indicate that specific aspects of attentional performance might be negatively affected by hypotension. ᮊ 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Keywords: Hypotension; Systolic blood pressure; Contingent negative variation; Reaction time; Attentional flexibility; ACE battery Essential hypotension can be described as the chronic condition of low blood pressure that is independent from another illness or pathology. There is no general agreement as to when exactly the diagnosis 'hypotension' applies. Most authors *Corresponding author. Tel.: q49-7531-88-4606; fax: q49-7531-88-2891. E-mail address: nathan.weisz@uni-konstanz.de (N. Weisz).suggest a systolic blood pressure (SBP) below 100-110 mmHg as a cut-off value. (Weiss and Donat, 1982;Pschyrembel, 1993). We refer to the 'essential' form when speaking of hypotension in this work, which should not be confused with secondary (i.e. symptomatic) or orthostatic forms. Even though essential hypotension is by far the most common type of hypotension (90%; Phillipp, 1993), its aetiology is still unknown.

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Psychological aspects of high and low blood pressure

Cited by 28 publications

References 40 publications

Reduced cognitive performance and prolonged reaction time accompany moderate hypotension

Reduced cognitive performance and prolonged reaction time accompany moderate hypotension

Cardiovascular down‐regulation in essential hypotension: Relationships with autonomic control and sleep

Early contingent negative variation of the EEG and attentional flexibility are reduced in hypotension

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