Psychological and Physiological Reactions to and Psychomotor Performance During Prolonged and Complex Stressor Exposure

Levi, Lennart

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-017125-8.50012-3

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We do not know whether this difference diminishes after prolonged exposure to working stress, as normal environmental stimuli could decrease in psychoendocrine reaction intensity (Levi, 1972b). However, in our opinion, this was not the case in the present study, because all those who took part had been exposed to the same conditions for at least one year.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…It might be argued that increases in catecholamines and 1 1-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion reflect corresponding increases in muscular work during the four days of piecework and assembly line work. But although muscular work affects adrenaline and noradrenaline release, this is only true of rather high intensity of the activity (Levi, 1972b); in addition exertion ofthe confectioners and the metallurgists was identical during each phase of the observation. Therefore it seems justified to assume that hormonal increase reflects a corresponding augmentation in stress and distress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The role of the sympathetic nervous system in certain aspects of the 'stress construct' has been evaluated in a number of studies by analysing urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion, as increased levels of urinary catecholamines are observed under stress-such as, physical overactivity (Raven, Conners, and Evonuk, 1970), excessive mental effort (Levi, 1972a), or high levels of industrial noise and vibration (Anitesco, 1972). However, as few studies have been concerned with the physiological and psychological effects of work stress, the current study was conducted to ascertain whether some work systems-such as, piecework and assembly line-modify sympathoadrenal and adrenocortical activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenosympathetic overactivity under conditions of work stress.

Timio¹,

Gentili²

1976

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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stress. Serial measurements of urinary adrenaline, noradrenaline, and 11 -hydroxycorticosteroid excretion were performed on 32 healthy men under two conditions of work stress; piecework and work on assembly line. A statistically significant increase in adrenaline, noradrenaline, and 11-hydroxycorticosteroids was observed for piecework and assembly line workers compared with salaried and 'ordinary' workers. The results support the assumption that psychosocial factors of an everyday type have significant effects on the sympathoadrenomedullary and adrenocortical function.It is well known that various stresses can lead to sympathetic overactivity. The role of the sympathetic nervous system in certain aspects of the 'stress construct' has been evaluated in a number of studies by analysing urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion, as increased levels of urinary catecholamines are observed under stress-such as, physical overactivity (Raven, Conners, and Evonuk, 1970), excessive mental effort (Levi, 1972a), or high levels of industrial noise and vibration (Anitesco, 1972). However, as few studies have been concerned with the physiological and psychological effects of work stress, the current study was conducted to ascertain whether some work systems-such as, piecework and assembly line-modify sympathoadrenal and adrenocortical activity. METHODSThirty-two male workers aged between 23 and 39 years (average 29) took part in this study. They were all apparently in good health and had normal 12-lead electrocardiograms.After they had been told about the aim and procedure of the study, all the workers agreed voluntarily to take part. They were divided into two groups according to their job:

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adrenosympathetic overactivity under conditions of work stress.

Timio¹,

Gentili²

1976

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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“…The presence of an underlying pathology and sleep-depriva tion-induced stress [24,25] are the possible critical factors in EEG activation in our patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of EEGs following 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation in Patients with Posttraumatic Epilepsy

et al. 1992

Eur Neurol

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Routine and awake EEGs following 24-hour sleep deprivation were studied in 119 patients with closed head injury, 64 epileptics without any history of head injury and 53 healthy controls. The results were compared to CT brain scan findings. There were no epileptic discharges in routine EEGs, while EEGs after 24-hour sleep deprivation showed considerable activation, ranging from 28 to 37.5% in those with a history of head injury or epilepsy. No correlation was found between the period elapsed between the time of injury and the activation of the EEG. Most of the patients with EEG activation after sleep deprivation had abnormal CT scans. EEGs following 24-hour sleep deprivation therefore appear to be a useful adjunct to other methods used in detecting brain damage in patients with head injury or epilepsy.

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“…Andrews and Withey, 1974;Dooley and Catalano, 1980;Diener, 1984), the psychological effects of job loss (e.g. Bakke, 1940;Jahoda, 1982;Warr, 1983), and limited experimental evidence supplied by Levi (1972) and Timio and Gentili (1976) which indicates piece-rate compensation schemes cause distress as indexed by various physiological measures. Clearly, an incentive compensation program represents the sort of economically instrumental job condition Brief and Atieh see as worthy of investigation in the study of job stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentive compensation as an injurious condition of work: A study of labelling

et al. 1989

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A recursive causal model is presented in which individual and work factors are hypothesized to be predictive of workers' labelling an incentive compensation program as potentially injurious to their well‐being. The individual factors include the dispositional variable, negative affectivity, and financial needs and resources. The work factors consist of prior incentive compensation, experienced job insecurity, and experienced control. The model was tested using questionnaire responses of 165 managers and professionals. While it was found that the overall model did not fit the data that well, negative affectivity was found to be positively associated and experienced control negatively associated with the incentive compensation program being labelled negatively. The somewhat surprising finding that financial needs and resources were not found to be significantly associated with labelling is discussed. The importance of disposition and experienced control for the labelling of potentially threatening or harmful job conditions as well as some hypothesized antecedents of control also are discussed.

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Psychological and Physiological Reactions to and Psychomotor Performance During Prolonged and Complex Stressor Exposure

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Adrenosympathetic overactivity under conditions of work stress.

Adrenosympathetic overactivity under conditions of work stress.

Study of EEGs following 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation in Patients with Posttraumatic Epilepsy

Incentive compensation as an injurious condition of work: A study of labelling

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