“…Excluded from this review were less accessible meta-analyses found in books (e.g., Swanson, 1999); valuable reviews that were not meta-analyses (e.g., Bryen & Joyce, 1985;Buysse & Bailey, 1993); and studies that arguably have some bearing on MR, LD, and EBD but provided little to no information about whether students from these populations were included. Some examples of this are meta-analytic studies examining early language intervention (Scruggs, Mastropieri, Forness, & Kavale, 1988), early intervention with at-risk children (White, 1985-86;White & Casto, 1985), children's causal attributions for academic achievement (Whitley & Frieze, 1985), psycholinguistic training (Kavale, 1982c(Kavale, , 1984a, hyperactivity (Kavale, 1982a;Kavale & Forness, 1983), higher education (Kulik, Kulik, & Scwalb, 1983), or the relation of class size to achievement (Glass & Smith, 1979). Domain 3: Coding independent variables.…”