Psychogenic Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children: A Review

Morgan, Lindsey A.; Buchhalter, Jeffrey

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.03.017

Cited by 18 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Our sample combined patients with onset of PNES in childhood and adulthood. There is increasing evidence that these groups may differ in some aspects . However, the small sample of patients with childhood onset prevented us from testing for age differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

et al. 2019

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Summary Objective To examine the long‐term outcome of psychological status, personality, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) and to define predictors of favorable outcome of cessation of PNES. Method Patients diagnosed with PNES during video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring at the Erlangen Epilepsy Center were contacted 1‐16 years after communicating the diagnosis. Follow‐up information from each participant was obtained by interview (PNES outcome) and by self‐reported questionnaires of psychological symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory‐II, Symptom Checklist‐90‐Standard, Dissociative Symptoms questionnaire), personality traits (Freiburg Personality Inventory‐Revised), and HRQoL (36‐Item Short Form Health Survey). Results Fifty‐two patients participated in the study (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] 40.5 ± 14.0 years; 75% female, follow‐up: 5.3 ± 4.2 years). Nineteen patients (37%) were free of PNES for the past 12 months. Patients with persisting PNES were older at disease onset (32.9 vs 22.3 years, P < 0.01) and diagnosis (40.5 vs 27.2 years, P < 0.001), and showed worse psychological functioning, lower extraversion and life satisfaction, and higher inhibitedness and worse HRQoL than PNES‐free patients. Patients with cessation of PNES were within the normal range in all dimensions. Cessation of PNES was best predicted by younger age at PNES onset and higher extraversion. Significance Outcome of PNES is poor, psychopathology is high, and HRQoL is low in patients with persistent PNES but may normalize with PNES cessation. High introversion and older age at PNES onset are risk factors for persistent PNES.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

et al. 2019

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“…Men hvor ofte en blanding av begge anfallsformer forekommer, er usikkert og angis svaert forskjellig (21).…”

Section: Forekomstunclassified

“…Når barna kommer i puberteten, blir anfallsutformingen mer lik den som man ser hos voksne. Anfallene starter og slutter gjerne abrupt (21).…”

Section: Anfallsutformingunclassified

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Psykogene ikke-epileptiske anfall hos barn

et al. 2016

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“…Chronic medical illness was found to be common compared to controls [57]. Unfortunately, the literature on management of pediatric PNES is sparse compared with adult studies [58]. Irwin et al [59] suggested prompt intervention from a child mental health professional with initial focus on exploring precipitating factors and Bliving safely^with seizures.…”

Section: Pediatric Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Therapeutic Approach to Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Haykal

Smith

2015

Curr Treat Options Neurol

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The diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) is usually made in the seizure monitoring unit (SMU; also commonly named the epilepsy monitoring unit) after PNES are recorded on video-EEG. The diagnosis should be discussed with the patient thoroughly. The discussion should focus on how the diagnosis was reached and that the diagnosis is real and treatable. When the diagnosis is communicated well, some patients may improve significantly without further interventions. Next, a psychiatric evaluation should be completed, ideally before discharge from the SMU. After discharge, the patient should undergo cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the only treatment for PNES that is supported by high-quality evidence. Other therapies, including psychodynamic therapy and different types of group therapy can be considered in some patients, although high-level evidence to support their use is lacking. Some patients may benefit from selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), especially when psychiatric comorbidities are present. This should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

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Psychogenic Paroxysmal Nonepileptic Events in Children: A Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 77 publications

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Psychological long‐term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Psykogene ikke-epileptiske anfall hos barn

A Therapeutic Approach to Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

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