Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Gabbard, Glen O.; Nittler, Jessica

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544125.031

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Regarding the personality structure and psychic conflicts presented, all participants, regardless of diagnosis, used low qualitative and effectiveness variations in relation to the ego defenses with predominant immature development factor involving mental inhibition and denial of reality. For Gabbard ( 2016 ), this inflexible defense pattern would imply worse capacity to adapt to stressful events. Thus, according to other studies with PTSD patients, through affective isolation, they seek to separate the image of the traumatic event and the distressing affects produced in an attempt to avoid unbearable stress (Paulo & Pires, 2013 ; Teche et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, according to other studies with PTSD patients, through affective isolation, they seek to separate the image of the traumatic event and the distressing affects produced in an attempt to avoid unbearable stress (Paulo & Pires, 2013 ; Teche et al, 2017 ). Or, through the defense mechanisms of dissociation, they try to separate potentially threatening thoughts and desires from consciousness, reducing anguish and the feeling of helplessness (Gabbard, 2016 ; Task Force, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview

Favaretto

Both

Benetti

et al. 2022

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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The traumatic event produces intolerable excitations to the psychic apparatus that searches to relief them through the production of symptoms. When established, patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) may experience flashbacks, somatizations, negative emotions about themselves, and difficulty in social contact. This work seeks to understand how the psychodynamic functioning of women victims of interpersonal and urban violence, diagnosed with these disorders, is organized, identifying traumatic experiences, ways of interpersonal relationships, conflicts and psychic structures and use of defense mechanisms, and for peculiarities that may differentiate these disorders. The qualitative transversal method was used through the content analysis of clinical interviews based on the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2). The sample of this study consisted of five women with PTSD and five with CPTSD. The following categories were created: reasons for seeking care, symptoms and desire for treatment, traumatic developmental events, and characteristics of the psychic functioning. Early trauma generates psychic organizations with greater disintegration. A new traumatic event destabilizes the psychic organization and intensifies symptoms. Relationships were marked by dependence and isolation. Participants with CPTSD presented tendency to disintegration related to the object relation regulation and the psychic conflict was of Individuation versus Dependence, with more primitive flaws in object representations, existential need for the other and direct discharge of impulses. Participants with PTSD had moderate to low level of object relation integration and the conflict was need to be care of versus self-sufficiency, with self-representations being fragile and with reduced capacity to manage impulses. Thus, it could be observed that OPD-2 is capable of assessing in a broad and deep way patients with traumatic disorders, in addition to identifying essential peculiarities to guide health professionals towards treatment in the search for better quality of life for patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview

Favaretto

Both

Benetti

et al. 2022

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD) system (7) is a clinical tool that can provide a multiaxial psychodynamic description for mental illnesses, containing in its second revision (OPD-2) five independent axes: (I) Experience of illness and prerequisites for treatment, (II) Interpersonal relations, (III) Conflict, (IV) Structure, and (V) Mental and psychosomatic disorders. Specifically, Axes III "Conflicts" and IV "Structures" are commonly the only axes being focused on when investigating the psychodynamic profiles of patients, as they align to the psychodynamic core concepts: conflict and structure (8), while interpersonal relations are not rated dimensionally, making the scientific use of OPD axis II difficult and the other two axes play as supplemental assessment from the perspectives outside the psychodynamics. Consistently, Benecke et al also specified the conflict and structure axes of OPD to explain individual psychodynamic differences (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Will and colleagues (27) found that better structural integration is associated with great capability of reflection, impulse control, and frustration tolerance in depressed patients. For patients with lower levels of structural integration or deficits, supportive therapy including psychoeducational interventions and advice may be necessary in therapy (8). Therefore, these patients may benefit from different intervention methods, shifting back and forth along the expressivesupportive continuum based on their conflict/structure profiles and psychotherapy phrases (8,28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For patients with lower levels of structural integration or deficits, supportive therapy including psychoeducational interventions and advice may be necessary in therapy (8). Therefore, these patients may benefit from different intervention methods, shifting back and forth along the expressivesupportive continuum based on their conflict/structure profiles and psychotherapy phrases (8,28). The expressive-supportive continuum intervention categories include interpretation, observation, confrontation, clarification, encouragement to elaborate, empathic validation, psychoeducational interventions, and advice and praise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychodynamic profiles of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in China

Xu,

Wang,

Peng

2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Traditional clinical diagnoses relying on symptoms may overlook latent factors that illuminate mechanisms and potentially guide treatment. The Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD) system may compensate for symptom-based diagnosis by measuring psychodynamic profiles underlying mental disorders through conflicts and structure axes. However, OPD has not been widely adopted in China, and it remains unclear whether OPD can be used as an effective approach to distinguish between depression and anxiety. The current study aims to adopt the OPD system to investigate the psychodynamic profiles of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in China, targeting patients with “pure” symptoms without comorbidity. We recruited 42 MDD patients, 32 GAD patients, and 31 healthy controls (HC), and assessed their self-report depression and anxiety symptoms, along with their underlying psychodynamic profiles through OPD interviews. Overall, both MDD and GAD patients showed more prominent conflict issues and lower levels of structure than HC. The MDD and GAD groups yielded different conflict profiles and conflict processing modes when processing their second conflicts. Importantly, the multi-dimensional psychodynamic profiles achieved machine learning classification of clinical groups with an accuracy of 0.84, supporting successful distinction of MDD and GAD patients. In conclusion, the OPD demonstrated sensitivity in revealing distinct psychodynamic profiles underlying “pure” depression and anxiety clinical populations in China. This work calls for future incorporation of OPD as a tool to investigate psychodynamic formulations underlying mental disorders, compensating for traditional symptom-based diagnostic approaches to guide precise individualized interventions.

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Adolescence and Psychotic Destructuration Risk

Trifu¹,

Drăgoi²,

Florentina³

et al. 2017

JSS

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Motivation: The ability to organize and make decisions in life ensures self-control and self-confidence. In assuming the tutor role (in the psychological dimension of meaning), the functions of maternalization and paternalization must be fulfilled, as well as ensuring the fulfillment of maternal, paternal roles after being incorporated by the child in order to be properly exercised. To determine the creative capacities or the systemic delirium as a solution for solving the failure to adapt to the socio-cultural environment, perceived as traumatic. Objectives: Psychological evaluation of the current profile and psychic personality structure for the understanding of the operational patterns. Testing mental capacity and the boundaries between real and imaginary that ensure success in the work of the therapeutic process, by having a departure prognosis. Hypothesis: In the case of patient T., the difficulties encountered may be caused by the onset of depression or possibly by adjustment disorder with anxiety on a dysfunctional attachment pattern. The essential element is the separation and division of the family for a period of one month from the onset of the stressor, involving both the vulnerability of the ego and the triggers, due to major life changes. The current difficulties and symptoms are internal and external disorganization, nervousness, amnesia, lack of interest and curiosity, affection disinvestment plus the excess-marked detraction model, and the major role of loneliness overlapping with family abandonment. Applied tools: anamnesis, clinical interview, building the life map, clinical scales to investigate the intensity of depression, anxiety, and the possible psychotic areal due to hereditary load of the patient-HAM D, HAM A, PANSS (to investigate prevalence phenomenology and differential diagnosis with the areal of an increase in the imaginative function, given the artistic formation of the adolescent girl). The combined application of the depression and negative scale of PANSS aims to lead to a better differential diagnosis between depressive coloration versus the onset of a major psychiatric disease at risk of association with psychotic phenomena. Also, the complex investigation of personal-

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Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview

Understanding the psychodynamic functioning of patients with PTSD and CPTSD: qualitative analysis from the OPD 2 interview

Psychodynamic profiles of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in China

Adolescence and Psychotic Destructuration Risk

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