Psychoactivity of normacromerine in animals

Mescaline effects on rat behavior and its time profile in serum and brain tissue after a single subcutaneous dose

“…The latter mentioned effect has been described by Sykes (1986) after treatment with 25 mg/kg of mescaline using two different methods. The inhibition of ambulation by mescaline was also described by others (Silva and Calil 1975) as well as the biphasic-depressant followed by stimulant-effect on other performance in rats (Sykes 1986;Smythies and Sykes 1964;Bourn et al 1978;Geyer et al 1979). A biphasic effect in a hole-board test was also described for other hallucinogenic drugs like DMT (N,N-dimethyltryptamine), psilocin, DOM, or DOET (2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine; Geyer et al 1979).…”

Chemical constituents and DNA sequence analysis of a psychotropic herbal product

“…The peaks at m/z 152, 212, 226, and 189 were also identifi ed as compounds 1-4, respectively, which were identifi ed by various methods without authentic standards 1 3 N-Methyltyramine (1) has been isolated from a variety of plant species such as Coryphantha missouriensis (Cactaceae), Pilosocereus maxonii (Rose), and Acacia schweinfurthii (Leguminosae) [16][17][18]. It has been reported that compounds 2 and 3 caused hallucinogenic effects in animals [14,19], and were extracted from the genus Coryphantha (Cactaceae) [20][21][22]. (S)-Vasicine (4), harmaline (6), and harmine (7) were found in the seeds of Peganum harmala.…”

“…The cactus C. macromeris, containing psychoactive compounds, was fi rst detected in herbal products distributed in the illegal drug market. When we consider the contents of psychotropic compounds probably derived from natural sources, the narcotic-like effects of the product seem to be weak, even if the entire 3-g package is smoked [14,19]. However, it seems likely that the distribution of products containing uncontrolled psychotropic plants, such as C. macromeris, will increase in the illegal drug markets.…”

Identification of toxic alkaloids from the calcaratus subspecies of Lupinus arbustus

“…Rotorod Testing. Male Swiss-Webster mice, weighing 25-35 g, were placed on a 2.8 cm diameter X 16 cm long wooden rod rotating at 5 rpm (Bourn et al, 1978;Bourn et al, 1979). After a 30-min training period, six animals per treatment group were injected intraperitoneally with either a solution of normal saline (control), alkaloid extract hydrochloride in saline (300 mg/kg), or isolated alkaloids in saline (300 mg/kg of gramodendrine, 200 mg/kg of ammodendrine hydrochloride, or 100 mg/kg of lusitanine).…”

“…Locomotor Activity. Disturbance of an electromagnetic field by individual male Swiss-Webster mice (25-35 g) in cages within the monitor system resulted in voltage pulses proportional in magnitude to animal motor activity (Bourn et al, 1978;Bourn et al, 1979). Disturbances were counted with electronic counters and activity was measured as counts per min.…”