Psycho-social Factors Associated with Depression in Pregnant Women

Abstract

Purpose:The purpose of the study was to investigate the psycho-social factors such as self-esteem, stress, and family support that affect the depression in pregnant women. Methods: The participants were 149 pregnant women who were seen at the urban G and M woman hospital. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from January 10 to May 20, 2011, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: Mean age was 31 years, and 28.9% of the participants reported depression. Depression in the pregnant women showed a negative correlation with self-esteem (r=-.47, p<.001) and family support (r=-.38, p<.001), but a positive correlation with stress (r=.42, p<.001). In addition, variables that predicted depression in pregnant women were general health condition, stress, self-esteem, communication with husband, and planned pregnancy (39.0%). Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate the need to screen pregnant women for depression. There is also a need for programs to prevent depression in pregnant women and assess risk considering psycho-social factors.

Dyadic Adjustment and Sense of Mastery of Pregnant Women Protect Against Prenatal Depression

“…According to other Korean studies using the same techniques (i.e., depression measurement tool and cut-off point 9/10), prenatal depression prevalence was 26.3% [5] and 28.9% [22]. Thus, our subjects showed a higher level of prenatal depression as compared to previous studies.…”

“…This study is important for developing a nursing intervention for pregnant women to give birth to healthy children and prevent prenatal depression. However, until recently, most previous studies have investigated prenatal depression in pregnant women with regard to prenatal depression from psychosocial factors [22] as well as clinical studies about depression symptoms during pregnancy [5]. Accordingly, it is difficult to find research demonstrating dyadic adjustment and sense of mastery as protective factors against prenatal depression.…”

Effects of Social Support, Sleep Quality, and Oral Health Impact Profile on Depression among Pregnant Women

“…여러 사회심리적 요인 가운데 가족이나 주위 사람들로부 터 받는 사회적 지지는 개인의 심리적 특성을 조절하는 데 도움을 주며 스트레스나 우울에 빠질 가능성을 낮춰 심리적 건강을 도모해 준다 6) . 가족의 지지, 사회적 지지, 자아존중 감 등의 사회심리적 요인은 우울증 발병 및 지속과 관련이 높다고 하였으며 7,8) , 부부갈등으로도 산후우울증이 높아진 다고 보고되어 왔다 3) . 이러한 사회적 지지는 임신부의 정서 발달에 악영향을 줄 수 있으므로 살펴볼 필요가 있다고 본다.…”

Influence of Self-esteem and Spouse Support on Prenatal Depression in Pregnant Women

“…임신 여성에게서도 낮은 자아존중감은 주산기 우울증의 주요한 인지적 취약 요인으로 우울을 유 발할 수 있으나 (Kim & Chung, 2014) 높은 자아존중감은 우울의 회복 요인 중 하나로 작용한다고 하였다 (Cho et al, 2004). 또한 임신 여성의 자아존중감은 가족지지와 스트 레스 (Lee & Kweon, 2011), 태아애착행위와 신체상과 상 관성이 높은 것으로 보고된다 (Hwang, 2018). 이처럼 자 아존중감은 임신과 관련된 변인들과 관련성이 높으며, 우 울에 영향을 미치는 중요한 개인 내 요인으로 작용한다.…”

“…이와 같이 자아존중감과 배우자 지지는 산전 우울과 관 련성이 높은 변인임을 알 수 있다. 선행연구들에서 결혼만족 도, 식습관, 임신 기간, 고위험 임신 (Kim & Jung, 2010), 불안, 직업상태, 자아존중감, 스트레스 (Koh et al, 2019), 주관적 건강상태 (Lee & Park, 2013), 남편과의 의사소통, 계획된 임신 (Lee & Kweon, 2011) ≥13 (serious situation) 13 (9.9)…”