Psychic distance and cross – border cooperation of SMEs: An empirical study on Saxon and Czech entrepreneurs’ interest in cooperation

Abstract

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Inter-firm Relationship Quality vs. Perceived Cultural Differences

“…Psychic distance is positively correlated with the existence of cultural distance [Sousa and Bradley, 2006], but it can manifest through different phenomena like language differences, differences in literacy and education, climatic conditions, lifestyles or geographical distance (see Sousa, Bradley, 2006;Zanger et al, 2008]. The further analysis here will focus on dissimilarities in the culture conditioned behavior of business partners (as perceived by Polish managers) and I will employ the concept of perceived cultural differences in partners' behavior.…”

Transborder Co‐Operation and Competition Among Firms in the Polish‐German Borderland

“…Thus, each time an analysis is conducted, it should consider a number of circumstances. Among them, the most important are the following (Kr€ atke 1996): specific, additional transaction costs resulting from differences in economic and cultural norms and regulations as well as language differences (Van Geenhuizen & Van der Knaap 1996); relationships of trust, which are more difficult to achieve in regions characterised by different traditions, mentalities and behaviour codes (see Zanger et al 2008); neighbourhood effects or lack thereof, which rest on the assumption that geographical proximity translates into a wealth of knowledge of the neighbouring country, develops communication skills and leads to the development of business connections; contrary to popular belief, these factors do not occur automatically in all border regions (see Leick 2012); and the character and directions of economic connections: the intensification of these connections between neighbouring countries does not necessarily need to be related to the intensification of connections in border areas.…”

La distancia psíquica en el ámbito de la selección de mercados internacionales: propuesta de definición y presencia en las PYMEs españolas exportadoras de bienes de consumo = The psychic distance in the field of the international market selection: definition and presence in Spanish SMEs exporters of consumer products

“…Durante los últimos veinte años, el concepto de distancia psíquica ha evolucionado desde una percepción objetiva, sobre la base de criterios físico-geográficos, hacia un constructo de dimensiones más subjetivas, constituyendo la percepción individual un importante componente (Zanger, Hodicova y Gaus, 2008).…”