Psychiatry and Mental Health Care in Indonesia from Colonial to Modern Times

Pols, Hans; Wibisono, Sasanto

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7999-5_14

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The formal mental health system in Indonesia was established in 1882, when the Dutch colonial government promulgated a Mental Health Act and built a mental hospital in Bogor, West Java (Pols, 2006;Pols & Wibisono, 2017). This is the mental hospital that was visited by Emile Kraepelin in the early 20th century.…”

Section: Javanese Culture In Yogyakartamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural explanations of psychotic illness and care-seeking of family caregivers in Java, Indonesia

Subandi

Praptomojati

Marchira

et al. 2020

Transcult Psychiatry

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The cultural understanding of illness among caregivers of first-episode psychotic persons is a crucial issue. Not only does it influence caregivers’ care-seeking behavior and length of time until receiving medical treatment (known as the ‘duration of untreated psychosis’ or DUP), but it also predicts the outcome of the illness. This article aims to explore cultural understanding and care-seeking behavior among caregivers of psychotic patients in Java, Indonesia. Data for this article have been taken from two studies conducted by our research group in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods of data collection include surveys, case studies, ethnographic fieldwork, and in-depth interviews. Results of analyses, within and across studies, indicate that caregivers have employed diverse cultural explanatory models in order to understand psychotic illness. Local cultural beliefs, including possession and forms of black magic, were among the most common initial concepts held by family members in relation to psychosis. This echoes broader cultural beliefs in Java. However, it was not uncommon for caregivers to also understand illness in psychological terms (such as frustration, disappointment, and stress) and attached medical explanations. Caregivers’ understanding of illness also changed over time following the changing course of the illness. Both models of illness and the rapidity of care-seeking are also related to the acuteness of onset. This article concludes that it is important for mental health providers, as well as those designing systems of care, to understand the diversity and changing nature of caregivers’ cultural understanding of psychotic illness.

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Section: Javanese Culture In Yogyakartamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural explanations of psychotic illness and care-seeking of family caregivers in Java, Indonesia

Subandi

Praptomojati

Marchira

et al. 2020

Transcult Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The law emphasized the principles of prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation, which had been enthusiastically agreed upon at a meeting of psychiatrists organized by the Ministry of Health earlier in the same year. 56,57 Kusumanto, appointed in 1971 as the Director of the Directorate of Mental Health within the Department of Mental Health, opened 22 new mental health hospitals, resulting in a psychiatric hospital in 26 of Indonesia's 31 provinces. The hospitals were integrated with the community mental health program, providing in and outpatient care, public health education, and consultation to general hospitals.…”

Section: The Regression Of Indonesia's Promising Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The period from 1970 to 1985 was designated the "golden age" in Indonesian psychiatry by some authors. 56,57 This peak in Indonesian mental health care was gradually eroded by reductions in funding and a decentralization of mental health provision (almost certainly a move to reduce the burden on the government). The once central place of the community mental health system was threatened.…”

Section: The Regression Of Indonesia's Promising Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While exceptional care can be found in some wealthy private institutions, other private facilities-borne out of declining public facilities-have "deplorable conditions, [where patients] receive inadequate nutrition, suffer from a variety of ailments, and are often restrained." 57 Pasung, or chaining, was outlawed in the 1970s, but exists to this day in many places, as demonstrated by the photojournalist Andrea Star Reese in 2012. 58 Some of the treatment facilities are cages with no sanitation facilities.…”

Section: The Regression Of Indonesia's Promising Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A social history of serious mental illness

2020

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Despite medical, technological, and humanitarian advances, the criminalization of those with serious mental illness continues. This is not an isolated phenomenon. The benefits of treatment reform and innovation are difficult to maintain or sometimes outright harmful. Across time and geography, the care of those with serious mental illness tends towards maltreatment, be it criminalization or other forms of harm. We present a social history of serious mental illness, along with the idea that the treatment of serious mental illness is a Sisyphean task—perpetually pushing a boulder up a hill, only for it to roll down and start again. The history is provided as a basis for deeper reflection of treatment, and treatment reform, of those with serious mental illnesses.

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“…During the pandemic, rates of anxiety, depression, and trauma among the Indonesian population were reportedly around 70% across 34 provinces [12]. The provision of mental health services in Indonesia's community health centres (widely known as puskesmas) can be dated back to the late-1960s, through deployment of psychiatrists [13], which was then shifted to trained general practitioners and nurses since the 1990s [14] and for some regions, clinical psychologists since the mid-2000s [15]. However, the country only has 0.31 psychiatrists, 0.17 clinical psychologists, and 2.52 trained mental health nurses per 100,000 people [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Not shifting, but sharing”: stakeholders' perspectives on mental health task-shifting in Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Background Task-shifting, the distribution of tasks among health workers to address health workforce shortage, has been widely used to tackle mental health treatment gaps. However, its implementation in Indonesia has still been rarely explored. This study aimed to explore stakeholders’ perspectives on the implementation of mental health task-shifting to nurses in Indonesia's primary health care. Methods An exploratory descriptive approach using in-depth interviews and focused group discussions (FGDs) was used. The study involved 19 stakeholders from the government's ministry directorates, professional organisations, and mental health practitioners. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Three themes emerged namely, task-shifting feasibility and acceptability, shared task implementation, and nurse role enhancement issues, with 14 sub-themes. Conclusions Task-shifting on mental health issues in the eye of Indonesian stakeholders is viewed as a matter of sharing and collaboration. Implementation of task-shifting in Indonesia may require policies in place and political will across stakeholders. Further scrutiny on task-shifting implementation is needed by considering the local context and national environment.

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Psychiatry and Mental Health Care in Indonesia from Colonial to Modern Times

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Cultural explanations of psychotic illness and care-seeking of family caregivers in Java, Indonesia

Cultural explanations of psychotic illness and care-seeking of family caregivers in Java, Indonesia

A social history of serious mental illness

“Not shifting, but sharing”: stakeholders' perspectives on mental health task-shifting in Indonesia

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