Psychiatric Disturbances in Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

White Matter Fibertracking in First-Episode Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Patients and Subjects at Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis

“…DTII allows visualization of the fibertracts overlaid on the anatomical T 1 -weighted MRI images and the (color-coded) FA images, in 1 or more slice views. In accordance with hypotheses that FA reduction in schizophrenia-like disorder results from myelination abnormalities [1,3] , FA and the 'trace' (the average diffusion in all 3 main directions) were measured in the most 'homogeneous' part of each fiber bundle, i.e. the thickest part with the least branching off of small fibers.…”

White Matter Fibertracking in First-Episode Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Patients and Subjects at Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis

“…DTII allows visualization of the fibertracts overlaid on the anatomical T 1 -weighted MRI images and the (color-coded) FA images, in 1 or more slice views. In accordance with hypotheses that FA reduction in schizophrenia-like disorder results from myelination abnormalities [1,3] , FA and the 'trace' (the average diffusion in all 3 main directions) were measured in the most 'homogeneous' part of each fiber bundle, i.e. the thickest part with the least branching off of small fibers.…”

Disrupted modular organization of primary sensory brain areas in schizophrenics

“…This growing evidence is in keeping with the disconnectivity hypothesis of Schizophrenia (Friston & Frith 1995) that posits that the core dysfunction of this disease may correspond to alterations of the functional interactions between specialized brain areas (Bullmore et al 1998;Ellison-Wright & Bullmore 2009;Fornito et al 2009;Kubicki et al 2005), resulting in defective integration of activity in distributed networks and in cognitive disintegration (Tononi & Edelman 2000). Indeed, psychotic symptoms akin to those of schizophrenia, including hallucinations and delusions, are also observed in certain neurological disorders that involve disruption of corticocortical and corticosubcortical connections (Hyde et al 1992;Su et al 2015;Bullmore et al 1998). Understanding the nature of connectivity alterations in SCZ patients and their effects on brain functional integration may provide important insights into the etiology of this devastating disease, as well as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers.…”

Dementia with Impaired Temporal Glucose Metabolism in Late-Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

“…The course of dementia in MLD can mimic early-onset Alzheimer's disease [18], but pure cognitive symptoms are less frequent than psychotic symptoms [5,6]. In the present case the spouse indicated that the cognitive decline evolved gradually over 1 year, and the neuropsychological testing indicated prominent 'cortical' deficits.…”

White Matter Fibertracking in First-Episode Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Patients and Subjects at Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis

“…DTII allows visualization of the fibertracts overlaid on the anatomical T 1 -weighted MRI images and the (color-coded) FA images, in 1 or more slice views. In accordance with hypotheses that FA reduction in schizophrenia-like disorder results from myelination abnormalities [1,3] , FA and the 'trace' (the average diffusion in all 3 main directions) were measured in the most 'homogeneous' part of each fiber bundle, i.e. the thickest part with the least branching off of small fibers.…”

Disrupted modular organization of primary sensory brain areas in schizophrenics

“…This growing evidence is in keeping with the disconnectivity hypothesis of Schizophrenia (Friston & Frith 1995) that posits that the core dysfunction of this disease may correspond to alterations of the functional interactions between specialized brain areas (Bullmore et al 1998;Ellison-Wright & Bullmore 2009;Fornito et al 2009;Kubicki et al 2005), resulting in defective integration of activity in distributed networks and in cognitive disintegration (Tononi & Edelman 2000). Indeed, psychotic symptoms akin to those of schizophrenia, including hallucinations and delusions, are also observed in certain neurological disorders that involve disruption of corticocortical and corticosubcortical connections (Hyde et al 1992;Su et al 2015;Bullmore et al 1998). Understanding the nature of connectivity alterations in SCZ patients and their effects on brain functional integration may provide important insights into the etiology of this devastating disease, as well as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers.…”

Dementia with Impaired Temporal Glucose Metabolism in Late-Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

“…The course of dementia in MLD can mimic early-onset Alzheimer's disease [18], but pure cognitive symptoms are less frequent than psychotic symptoms [5,6]. In the present case the spouse indicated that the cognitive decline evolved gradually over 1 year, and the neuropsychological testing indicated prominent 'cortical' deficits.…”

White Matter Fibertracking in First-Episode Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Patients and Subjects at Ultra-High Risk of Psychosis

“…DTII allows visualization of the fibertracts overlaid on the anatomical T 1 -weighted MRI images and the (color-coded) FA images, in 1 or more slice views. In accordance with hypotheses that FA reduction in schizophrenia-like disorder results from myelination abnormalities [1,3] , FA and the 'trace' (the average diffusion in all 3 main directions) were measured in the most 'homogeneous' part of each fiber bundle, i.e. the thickest part with the least branching off of small fibers.…”

Disrupted modular organization of primary sensory brain areas in schizophrenics

“…This growing evidence is in keeping with the disconnectivity hypothesis of Schizophrenia (Friston & Frith 1995) that posits that the core dysfunction of this disease may correspond to alterations of the functional interactions between specialized brain areas (Bullmore et al 1998;Ellison-Wright & Bullmore 2009;Fornito et al 2009;Kubicki et al 2005), resulting in defective integration of activity in distributed networks and in cognitive disintegration (Tononi & Edelman 2000). Indeed, psychotic symptoms akin to those of schizophrenia, including hallucinations and delusions, are also observed in certain neurological disorders that involve disruption of corticocortical and corticosubcortical connections (Hyde et al 1992;Su et al 2015;Bullmore et al 1998). Understanding the nature of connectivity alterations in SCZ patients and their effects on brain functional integration may provide important insights into the etiology of this devastating disease, as well as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers.…”

Dementia with Impaired Temporal Glucose Metabolism in Late-Onset Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

“…The course of dementia in MLD can mimic early-onset Alzheimer's disease [18], but pure cognitive symptoms are less frequent than psychotic symptoms [5,6]. In the present case the spouse indicated that the cognitive decline evolved gradually over 1 year, and the neuropsychological testing indicated prominent 'cortical' deficits.…”