Psychiatric disorders in the U.S. transgender population

Hanna, Bishoy; Desai, Rupak; Parekh, Tarang; Guirguis, Erenie; Kumar, Gautam; Sachdeva, Rajesh

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.09.009

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Clear deficits in social needs appeared for certain populations, which could represent higher susceptibility to psychological distress: SGM respondents reported high levels of feeling alone and isolated. As these two populations already have higher rates of mental health concerns [11,22], finding methods to increase social support while maintaining physical distancing is critical for SGM populations. Still, while online support groups or social events may be a useful tool for creating this support, they may also leave out those who do not have a stable internet connection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, existing disparities in rates of psychological stress and trauma may impact the susceptibility of certain groups to COVID-19-related trauma and mental distress [5]. For example, higher rates of mental health problems in SGM populations as a result of discrimination and minority stress and lower levels of social support may make coping with the psychological challenges of isolation and trauma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic more difficult [11,22]. The higher rates of certain mental health conditions including trauma in Black and Latinx populations place them similarly at risk for psychological conditions to be worsened by the pandemic [38,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Social and Structural COVID-19 Disparities by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Race/Ethnicity in an Urban Environment

et al. 2020

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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had widespread social, psychological, and economic impacts. However, these impacts are not distributed equally: already marginalized populations, specifically racial/ ethnic minority groups and sexual and gender minority populations, may be more likely to suffer the effects of COVID-19. The COVID-19 Resiliency Survey was conducted by the city of Chicago to assess the impact of COVID-19 on city residents in the wake of Chicago's initial lockdown, with particular focus on the experiences of minority populations. Chi-square tests of independence were performed to compare COVID-19related outcomes and impacts on heterosexual vs. sexual minority populations, cisgender vs. gender minority populations, and White vs. racial/ethnic minority subgroups. Marginalized populations experienced significant disparities in COVID-19 exposure, susceptibility, and treatment access, as well as in psychosocial effects of the pandemic. Notably, Black and Latinx populations reported significant difficulties accessing food and supplies (p = 0.002). Healthcare access disparities were also visible, with Black and Latinx respondents reporting significantly lower levels of access to a provider to see if COVID-19 testing would be appropriate (p = 0.013), medical services (p = 0.001), and use of telehealth for mental health services (p = 0.001). Sexual minority respondents reported significantly lower rates of using telehealth for mental health services (p = 0.011), and gender minority respondents reported significantly lower levels of primary care provider access (p = 0.016). There are evident COVID-19 disparities experienced in Chicago especially for Black, Latinx, sexual minority, and gender minority groups. A greater focus must be paid to health equity, including providing increased resources and supplies for affected groups, adapting to inequities in the built environment, and ensuring adequate access to healthcare services to ameliorate the burden of COVID-19 on these marginalized populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Social and Structural COVID-19 Disparities by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Race/Ethnicity in an Urban Environment

et al. 2020

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“…Further, in an assessment of experiences of violence and discrimination among the transgender population, Lombardi and colleagues also noted that half of surveyed participants reported an experience of harassment or violence in their lifetime [18]. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, Hanna et al reported that compared to encounters with cisgender individuals, the odds of mental illness, including anxiety, depression, and psychosis, were all significantly higher among encounters with transgender individuals [19]. The experiences of abuse and how they relate to adverse mental health outcomes with Asian American transgender population, however, remains limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of violence and mental health outcomes among Asian American transgender adults in the United States

et al. 2021

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Purpose We addressed prevalence and factors associated with mental health outcomes (suicidal behavior and psychological distress) among Asian Americans (AA), who identify as transgender, a key group among sexual and gender minorities that is overlooked and understudied. Methods We used data from 2015 United States Transgender Survey during 2019–2020 with our population as census defined AA. Outcomes included suicidal ideation, suicidal thoughts, and serious psychological distress (SPD). Independent variables included any abuse, partner abuse, bathroom-related abuse, and additional covariates. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (aOR; 95% CI) for each outcome are adjusted for age, marital status, citizenship status, education level, employment status, as well as poverty status. Results Nearly 67% reported experiencing any abuse, 52% reported abuse from romantic/sexual partner(s), while 29% reported harassment/abuse when trying to use bathrooms. Moreover, 82% reported suicidal thoughts, 40% reported suicidal attempts, and 39% had SPD. Results demonstrated that any abuse/violence had higher odds of suicidal thoughts (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.67, 95% confidence interval (CI):[1.98–3.58], suicidal attempts (aOR = 2.83, 95% CI:[2.18–3.68]), and SPD (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI:[1.20, 2.04]). Abuse from romantic/sexual partners had higher odds of suicidal thoughts (aOR = 2.47, 95% CI:[1.76–3.47]), suicidal attempts (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI:[1.68–2.80]), and SPD (aOR = 2.72, 95% CI:[2.03–3.63]). Experience of harassment/abuse during bathroom use had increased odds of suicidal attempts (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI:[1.41–2.31]). Conclusion Exposure to violence is common among AA transgender individuals and related to negative mental health outcomes. Initiatives to reduce exposure to abuse and providing resources for trauma-informed care are imperative to improve health outcomes.

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“…Stigma and discrimination were common in transgender women who contribute to high rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, substance abuse, and other mental illnesses within this population (Gibson et al, 2016;Valentine and Shipherd, 2018;Hughto et al, 2015). Psychiatric disorder diagnoses were two times more common in the transgender community, with more than threequarters of them having at least one psychiatric disorder (Hanna et al, 2019). In a national study of transgender women in the USA, 41% of participants reported attempting suicide while an Australian national study found that 56% of transgender women had been diagnosed with depression and 38% had been diagnosed with anxiety and the study showed almost equal result with a study done among transgender women in Ontario with 61% diagnosed with depression (Schulman and Erickson-Schroth, 2019;Winter et al, 2016).…”

Section: Mental Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender Women in Malaysia: A review of health related issues and challenges

Said

Mohd

Draman

et al. 2021

ijrps

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Transgender refers to individuals who perceive their gender differently from their original gender assigned at birth. Transgender women are those who were assigned male gender at birth but expressed themselves as female later on in their life. The numbers of transgender women in Malaysia have been increasing rapidly. Along with this increment, health problems related to this population has grown. Despite this, there is no specific local guideline about the health issues and its management related to this population. Many health professions out there did not know what to expect when dealing with transgender women. Unlike the original male or female, transgender women have their own unique needs as well as health problems related to their lifestyle. Furthermore, some of their health problems are related to the general population, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted disease (STD). Failure to identify and manage the problems among transgender women will eventually contribute to an increase in cumulative HIV and STD cases in our country. Hence, the aimed of this article was to review current knowledge on transgender women’s health issues and challenges, especially in the context of the local population. This review also emphasizes that healthcare professionals in Malaysia need to have at least a basic knowledge of transgender women’s health issues.

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Psychiatric disorders in the U.S. transgender population

Cited by 66 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence of Social and Structural COVID-19 Disparities by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Race/Ethnicity in an Urban Environment

Evidence of Social and Structural COVID-19 Disparities by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Race/Ethnicity in an Urban Environment

Experiences of violence and mental health outcomes among Asian American transgender adults in the United States

Transgender Women in Malaysia: A review of health related issues and challenges

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