Psychiatric Disorders in Sexually Abused Children

McLeer, Susan V.; Callaghan, Marian; Henry, Delmina; Wallen, Joanne

doi:10.1097/00004583-199403000-00003

Cited by 179 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The abused children in this study had a high prevalence of ADHD (18%), which is similar to previous studies, [2][3][4] and many of the abused children examined exhibited ADHD criteria A symptoms after CA. The question remains of why abused children fulfil the ADHD criteria A after CA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Developmental disorders such as pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disorder are regarded as psychiatric risk factors of CA. 1 ADHD was reportedly observed in 14-46% of abused children, [2][3][4] suggesting that ADHD is more common in abused children than in the general population (3-7% 5 ). However, Glod and Teicher 2 reported that children who had not met ADHD criteria before CA expressed hyperactivity due to a hypervigilant state after CA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dissociative disorder among abused children

Endo

Sugiyama²,

Someya

2006

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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The aim of this study was to investigate the psychiatric problems and characteristics among children of child abuse (CA). Specifically, the authors investigated whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were exhibited before or after CA. A total of 39 abused child inpatients who were treated at Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan, (mean age, 10.7 ± 2.6; mean IQ scores, 84.1 ± 19.3) were included in the study. The most frequent diagnosis was dissociative disorder in 59% of abused subjects. ADHD was diagnosed in 18% of abused subjects, and 71% of ADHD children had comorbid dissociative disorder. A total of 67% of all CA subjects fulfilled the ADHD criteria A according to DSM-IV-TR, however, only 27% of those fulfilled the criteria before CA. The subjects of dissociative disorder fulfilled ADHD criteria A more frequently than those of non-dissociative disorder (P = 0.013), and this result led to an increase in the frequency of the apparent ADHD. The rate of ADHD-suspected parents in the subjects who fulfilled ADHD criteria A after CA was significantly lower than those who fulfilled it before CA (P = 0.005). While it is difficult to distinguish ADHD from dissociative disorder, abused children may have increased apparent ADHD due to dissociative disorder. Further studies should be conducted in order to explore the distinct biological differences between ADHD before CA and the subjects who fulfilled ADHD criteria A after CA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dissociative disorder among abused children

Endo

Sugiyama²,

Someya

2006

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Traumatic experiences may lead to ADHD symptoms [1,2], although it is difficult to distinguish ADHD from dissociative symptoms [3] and PTSD [4]. Consistent with these latter studies, we found that PTSD symptoms and dissociative symptoms were more common in adults with ADHD when compared with healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Several studies have suggested that Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and dissociative experiences are more common in individuals with ADHD. It has been shown that ADHD symptoms can emerge after traumatic experiences in children [1,2] although it is difficult to distinguish ADHD from dissociative symptoms [3] and PTSD [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood abuse and neglect in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Semiz

Öner

Çengiz

et al. 2017

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Objective: Although it has been suggested that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common in children who were abused and that ADHD can be a risk factor for abuse itself, there are very few studies which investigated whether adult ADHD is associated with childhood abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to fill this gap in the literature. Method: Seventy adults with DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis and 70 healthy control subjects were included in the study. We used Adult ADHD Self Rating Scale (ASRS) and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) to support the diagnosis. All subjects were assessed using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Scale, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Results: ADHD subjects had higher ASRS inattentiveness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, WURS, and Symptoms Checklist-90 (SCL-90) General Symptom Index scores than controls. ADHD group also had higher PCL, DES and ACE scores. In CTQ, ADHD subjects had higher emotional abuse and neglect scores than control subjects. ASRS and WURS scores were correlated with PCL, ACE, CTQ Emotional Abuse, and DES scores; WURS score was also correlated with CTQ Physical Abuse and Neglect scores. Regression analysis indicated that general level of psychopathology was most significantly associated with DES and PCL scores. Conclusions: Results suggested that ADHD cases were more commonly exposed to emotional abuse and neglect. They had significantly more dissociative experiences and reported Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms more frequently. The results pointed to the importance of childhood traumatic and adverse experiences in adults with ADHD. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Additional support for this hypothesis is provided by child-adolescent investigations that observed nonsignificant differences between the anxiety, depression, and misconduct ratings of traumatized PTSD negatives and nontraumatized controls (McLeer, Callaghan, Henry, & Wallen, 1994;Saigh, 1989Saigh, , 1991Saigh, Yasik, Oberfield, Halamandaris, & McHugh, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

The intellectual performance of traumatized children and adolescents with or without posttraumatic stress disorder.

Saigh

Yasik

Oberfield

et al. 2006

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

112

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This study compared the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-III) scores of traumatized youth with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to the scores of trauma-exposed and nonexposed comparison groups without PTSD. All groups were free of additional major childhood psychiatric disorders. The PTSD group scored significantly lower than the comparison groups on verbal subtests, but not on performance subtests. The scores of the trauma-exposed PTSD negatives and nontrauma exposed controls were not significantly different. Accordingly, PTSD and not a history of trauma exposure in the absence of PTSD was associated with lower verbal IQ.

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Psychiatric Disorders in Sexually Abused Children

Cited by 179 publications

References 34 publications

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dissociative disorder among abused children

Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and dissociative disorder among abused children

Childhood abuse and neglect in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

The intellectual performance of traumatized children and adolescents with or without posttraumatic stress disorder.

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