Psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A controlled study

Sánchez‐Gistau, Vanessa; Romero, Soledad; Moreno, Dolores; Serna, Elena de la; Baeza, Inmaculada; Sugranyes, Gisela; Moreno, Carmen; Sánchez-Gutiérrez, Teresa; Rodríguez-Toscano, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.034

Cited by 65 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our findings of an elevated prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and dimensional psychopathology in FHR‐SZ and FHR‐BP children are consistent with the results of earlier familial high risk studies. Overall, both familial high risk groups in our study presented with a broad range, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Studies on psychopathology in child offspring of parents with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, as opposed to adult offspring, are vital because they provide knowledge on early developmental psychopathology long before onset of the fullblown disorders. Indeed, earlier studies have found a high prevalence of a broad spectrum of Axis I disorders and dimensional psychopathology in FHR-SZ children [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] as well as FHR-BP children 12,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . However, many previous clinical studies have weaknesses, such as small sample sizes, use of convenience samples, inclusion of children from different age groups, or lack of a proper control group.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children with familial high risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum psychosis or bipolar disorder – The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study ‐ VIA 7, a population‐based cohort study

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to compare the psychopathological profiles of children at familial high risk of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) with population-based controls. We used Danish nationwide registers to retrieve a cohort of 522 seven-year-old children of parents with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (N=202), bipolar disorder (N=120) or none of these disorders (N=200). Psychopathology was assessed by reports from multiple informants, including children, parents and teachers. Lifetime DSM-IV diagnoses were ascertained by blinded raters through the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. The dimensional assessment of psychopathology was performed by the Child Behavior Checklist, the Teacher's Report Form, a modified version of the ADHD-Rating Scale, the Test Observation Form, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Current level of functioning was evaluated using the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). The prevalence of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses was significantly higher in both FHR-SZ children (38.7%, odds ratio, OR=3.5, 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.2-5.7, p < 0.001) and FHR-BP children (35.6%, OR=3.1, 95% CI: 1.8-5.3, p < 0.001) compared with controls (15.2%). FHR-SZ children displayed significantly more dimensional psychopathology on all scales and subscales compared with controls except for the Anxious subscale of the Test Observation Form. FHR-BP children showed higher levels of dimensional psychopathology on several scales and subscales compared with controls, but lower levels compared with FHR-SZ children. Level of functioning was lower in both FHR-SZ children (CGAS mean score = 68.2; 95% CI: 66.3-70.2, p < 0.0001) and FHR-BP children (73.7; 95% CI: 71.2-76.3, p < 0.05) compared with controls (77.9; 95% CI: 75.9-79.9). In conclusion, already at the age of seven, FHR-SZ and FHR-BP children show a higher prevalence of a broad spectrum of categorical and dimensional psychopathology compared with controls. These results emphasize the need for developing early intervention strategies towards this vulnerable group of children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children with familial high risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum psychosis or bipolar disorder – The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study ‐ VIA 7, a population‐based cohort study

et al. 2018

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“…In recent years, there has been increasing evidence from family studies for shared, as well as independent, genetic risk between different adult psychiatric disorders, and between adult disorders and childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. There has also been an accumulation of evidence that schizophrenia shares environmental risk factors with childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly those likely to index early neurodevelopmental impairment.…”

Section: The Neurodevelopmental Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia and the neurodevelopmental continuum:evidence from genomics

2017

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The idea that disturbances occurring early in brain development contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, often referred to as the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, has become widely accepted. Despite this, the disorder is viewed as being distinct nosologically, and by implication pathophysiologically and clinically, from syndromes such as autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and intellectual disability, which typically present in childhood and are grouped together as "neurodevelopmental disorders". An alternative view is that neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, rather than being etiologically discrete entities, are better conceptualized as lying on an etiological and neurodevelopmental continuum, with the major clinical syndromes reflecting the severity, timing and predominant pattern of abnormal brain development and resulting functional abnormalities. It has also been suggested that, within the neurodevelopmental continuum, severe mental illnesses occupy a gradient of decreasing neurodevelopmental impairment as follows: intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Recent genomic studies have identified large numbers of specific risk DNA changes and offer a direct and robust test of the predictions of the neurodevelopmental continuum model and gradient hypothesis. These findings are reviewed in detail. They not only support the view that schizophrenia is a disorder whose origins lie in disturbances of brain development, but also that it shares genetic risk and pathogenic mechanisms with the early onset neurodevelopmental disorders (intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders and ADHD). They also support the idea that these disorders lie on a gradient of severity, implying that they differ to some extent quantitatively as well as qualitatively. These findings have important implications for nosology, clinical practice and research.

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“…In recent years, there has been increasing evidence from family studies for shared, as well as independent, genetic risk between different adult psychiatric disorders, and between adult disorders and childhood neurodevelopmental disorders 7,[13][14][15][16] . There has also been an accumulation of evidence that schizophrenia shares environmental risk factors with childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly those likely to index early neurodevelopmental impairment [17][18][19][20][21] .…”

Section: The Neurodevelopmental Gradientmentioning

confidence: 99%

S.16.02 Schizophrenia and the neurodevelopmental continuum; new support from genomics

Owen

2019

European Neuropsychopharmacology

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Psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A controlled study

Cited by 65 publications

References 47 publications

Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children with familial high risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum psychosis or bipolar disorder – The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study ‐ VIA 7, a population‐based cohort study

Psychopathology in 7‐year‐old children with familial high risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum psychosis or bipolar disorder – The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study ‐ VIA 7, a population‐based cohort study

Schizophrenia and the neurodevelopmental continuum:evidence from genomics

S.16.02 Schizophrenia and the neurodevelopmental continuum; new support from genomics

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