Psychiatric Disorders Among Adults Seeking Emergency Disaster Assistance After a Wildland-Urban Interface Fire

Marshall, Grant N.; Schell, Terry L.; Elliott, Marc N.; Rayburn, Nadine Recker; Jaycox, Lisa H.

doi:10.1176/appi.ps.58.4.509

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Of the 10 deemed to have higher risk of bias, 4 did not adequately adjust for important covariates (Azevedo et al 2011; Cooper et al 1994; Prass et al 2012; Resnick et al 2015), 2 were likely underpowered due to small sample size (Cooper et al 1994; Vedal and Dutton 2006), 3 used retrospective self-report for exposure assessment with high potential for bias (Ho et al 2014; McDermott et al 2005; Marshall et al 2007), and the exposure assessment in 2 other studies was not clearly related to smoke from wildfires (Analitis et al 2012, Caamano-Isorna et al 2011). The remaining 43 studies deemed to have low to moderate risk of bias are discussed below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review of Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Exposure

Reid

Bräuer

Johnston

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

885

772

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Background:Wildfire activity is predicted to increase in many parts of the world due to changes in temperature and precipitation patterns from global climate change. Wildfire smoke contains numerous hazardous air pollutants and many studies have documented population health effects from this exposure.Objectives:We aimed to assess the evidence of health effects from exposure to wildfire smoke and to identify susceptible populations.Methods:We reviewed the scientific literature for studies of wildfire smoke exposure on mortality and on respiratory, cardiovascular, mental, and perinatal health. Within those reviewed papers deemed to have minimal risk of bias, we assessed the coherence and consistency of findings.Discussion:Consistent evidence documents associations between wildfire smoke exposure and general respiratory health effects, specifically exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Growing evidence suggests associations with increased risk of respiratory infections and all-cause mortality. Evidence for cardiovascular effects is mixed, but a few recent studies have reported associations for specific cardiovascular end points. Insufficient research exists to identify specific population subgroups that are more susceptible to wildfire smoke exposure.Conclusions:Consistent evidence from a large number of studies indicates that wildfire smoke exposure is associated with respiratory morbidity with growing evidence supporting an association with all-cause mortality. More research is needed to clarify which causes of mortality may be associated with wildfire smoke, whether cardiovascular outcomes are associated with wildfire smoke, and if certain populations are more susceptible.Citation:Reid CE, Brauer M, Johnston FH, Jerrett M, Balmes JR, Elliott CT. 2016. Critical review of health impacts of wildfire smoke exposure. Environ Health Perspect 124:1334–1343; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409277

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review of Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Exposure

Reid

Bräuer

Johnston

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

885

772

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…How should subjective experience be weighed against objective degrees of exposure? On the one hand, a recent study of victims of bushfires in California suggested using a simple screen with items of objective severity of fire exposure (Marshall, Schell, Elliott, Rayburn, & Jaycox, 2007). On the other hand, subjective measures of distress or perceived threat to life have often been better predictors of PTSD symptoms among different survivor groups than have objective measures of danger (Ehlers, Mayou, & Bryant, 1998;McNally, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different types of exposure to the 2004 tsunami are associated with different levels of psychological distress and posttraumatic stress

Wahlström

Michélsen

Schulman

et al. 2008

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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The impact of traumatic exposure on psychological distress and posttraumatic stress was investigated at 14 months through self-report in 1,505 Swedish tourists who survived the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Exposure, differentiated in single and multiple types, was associated with different levels of impaired mental health measured by General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Additionally, having sole exposure to subjective life threat brought about specific psychological effects. Some demographic factors are associated with outcome on either the GHQ or the IES-R. Identifying specific types of exposure of disaster survivors may be a way to identify individuals who could be screened for psychological ill health at a later point in time.

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“…For example, disaster survivors who have experienced bereavement have been found to be at greater risk for postdisaster distress (e.g., Gibb, 1989), which might be due to decreased perceptions of support. Disaster survivors who have experienced greater property damage have also been shown to be at greater risk for postdisaster distress (e.g., Marshall, Schell, Elliot, Rayburn, & Jaycox, 2007). Again, this could be in part due to declines in social support, as attending to property damage and insurance claims could interfere with support processes.…”

Section: Predictors Of Social Support Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of perceived social support among low-income female survivors of Hurricane Katrina

Lowe

Willis

2014

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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The purpose of this study was to explore trajectories of perceived social support among low-income women who survived Hurricane Katrina, and were surveyed prior to the hurricane and approximately one and four years thereafter (N = 562). Latent class growth analysis provided evidence of four trajectories of perceived support: High Increasing (35.9%), High Decreasing (20.3%), Low Stable (41.1 %), and Low Decreasing (2.7%). Bereavement was significantly predictive of membership in the Low Stable trajectory, relative to the High Increasing and High Decreasing trajectories. Higher psychological distress and indicators of greater social network size, density and closeness were significantly predictive of membership in the Low Decreasing trajectory, relative to the High Increasing and High Decreasing trajectories.

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Psychiatric Disorders Among Adults Seeking Emergency Disaster Assistance After a Wildland-Urban Interface Fire

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Critical Review of Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Exposure

Critical Review of Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Exposure

Different types of exposure to the 2004 tsunami are associated with different levels of psychological distress and posttraumatic stress

Trajectories of perceived social support among low-income female survivors of Hurricane Katrina

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