Psychiatric Contributions to Understanding Racism

Moore, Laurie

doi:10.1177/136346150003700201

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Structural racism or the “ways in which societies foster discrimination through mutually reinforcing inequitable systems[ 35 ]” can complicate mental health disparities. A general mistrust of health systems is based on the historical mistreatment of Blacks in psychiatric care[ 36 ]. To this extent, the American Psychiatric Association issued a public apology about their role in Blacks’ historical injustices acknowledging their influence in inequitable practices, including the misdiagnosis of schizophrenia in this population[ 37 ].…”

Section: Ethnic Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global health disparities in vulnerable populations of psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Diaz¹,

Baweja²,

Bonatakis³

et al. 2021

WJP

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The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic affects psychiatric patients disproportionately compared to the general population. In this narrative review, we examine the impact of the pandemic on significant global health disparities affecting vulnerable populations of psychiatric patients: People of diverse ethnic background and color, children with disabilities, sexual and gender minorities, pregnant women, mature adults, and those patients living in urban and rural communities. The identified disparities cause worsened mental health outcomes placing psychiatric patients at higher risk for depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Those psychiatric patients who are ethnic minorities display barriers to care, including collective trauma and structural racism. Sexual and gender minorities with mental illness face discrimination and limited access to treatment. Pregnant women with psychiatric diagnoses show higher exposure to domestic violence. Children with disabilities face a higher risk of worsening behavior. Mature adults with psychiatric problems show depression due to social isolation. Psychiatric patients who live in urban communities face pollutants and overcrowding compared to those living in rural communities, which face limited access to telehealth services. We suggest that social programs that decrease discrimination, enhance communal resilience, and help overcome systemic barriers of care should be developed to decrease global health disparities in vulnerable population.

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Section: Ethnic Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global health disparities in vulnerable populations of psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Diaz¹,

Baweja²,

Bonatakis³

et al. 2021

WJP

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“…Among ethnic groups, Pacific peoples have the lowest income (Miller et al 1997;Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs 1999) and the highest rate of unemployment in New Zealand (Ministry of Pacific Island Affairs 1999). In keeping with the elders' beliefs, it has been shown that poverty doubles the risk of developing mental illness, decreases the life span, and increases the rate of death from all causes (Moore 2000). Poverty leads to problems with transportation and buying medication, which interfere with effective treatment of Samoan New Zealanders (Esera 2001;Miller et al 1997;Ministry of Health 2002).…”

Section: Stressors Specific To Samoan New Zealandersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems with non‐adherence to antipsychotic medication in Samoan new Zealanders: A literature review

Ioasa-Martin¹,

Moore

2012

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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This paper explores what is known about adherence to antipsychotic medications in general and the possible reasons for non-adherence in Samoan New Zealanders. Samoan New Zealanders are either Samoan-born immigrants or their descendents born in New Zealand. Clinicians recognize a high prevalence of non-adherence among Samoan New Zealanders. The authors hypothesize that traditional Samoan beliefs play a prominent role in problems with adherence. To investigate this hypothesis, a review of the literature on adherence in Samoan New Zealanders was undertaken. Documents from the Ministry of Health support the hypothesis. To investigate this issue, the Ministry of Health initiated a qualitative research project to examine the nature of Samoan traditional beliefs. The results of this study are summarized. No research had previously been undertaken on adherence in Samoan New Zealanders. In general, there is a lack of research on all aspects of the mental health of Pacific peoples in New Zealand. Literature reviews of adherence research consistently show that interventions that improve adherence address the beliefs, behaviours, and relationships surrounding adherence. This finding supports the author's hypothesis that traditional beliefs play an important role in the problem of adherence. Further definitive study with Samoan New Zealanders is required.

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“…Tal foi uma atitude corriqueira na história da psiquiatria, considerar psicopatológica qualquer manifestação fora dos padrões ordinários. É um fato reconhecido o quanto essa postura impediu uma melhor compreensão da mente humana e deu origem a atitudes discriminatórias (Almeida e Almeida, 2000;Moore, 2000).…”

Section: Evitar "Patologizar" O Diferente De "Anômalo"unclassified

Diretrizes metodológicas para investigar estados alterados de consciência e experiências anômalas

Almeida¹,

Neto²

2003

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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RESUMOAs experiências anômalas (EA) (vivências incomuns ou que se acredita diferentes do habitual e das explicações usualmente aceitas como realidade: alucinações, sinestesia e vivências interpretadas como telepáticas...) e os estados alterados de consciência (EAC) são descritos em todas as civilizações de todas as eras, constituindo-se elementos importantes na história das sociedades. Apesar disso, têm recebido pouca atenção da comunidade científica, ou são abordados de forma pouco rigorosa. As EA e os EAC podem ser estudados sem que se compartilhem as crenças envolvidas, sendo possível investigá-los enquanto experiências subjetivas e, como tais, correlacionados com quaisquer outros dados. Neste artigo, procurou-se apresentar algumas diretrizes metodológicas para um estudo rigoroso do tema, entre elas: evitar uma abordagem preconceituosa e a "patologização" do diferente, a necessidade de uma teoria e de uma revisão exaustiva da literatura existente, utilizar diversos critérios de normalidade e patologia, investigar populações clínicas e não clínicas, desenvolvimento de instrumentos adequados para avaliação, cuidados na escolha dos termos e no estabelecimento de nexos causais, distinguir entre a experiência vivenciada e suas interpretações, considerar o papel da cultura, avaliar a confiabilidade e a validade dos relatos, por fim, o desafio gerado pela necessidade de criatividade e diversidade na escolha dos métodos. Unitermos: Metodologia; Estado alterado de consciência; Espiritualidade; Experiência anômala. ABSTRACT Methodological guidelines to explore altered states of consciousness and anomalous experiencesAnomalous experiences (AE) (uncommon experiences or one that is believed to deviate from the usually accepted explanations of reality: hallucinations, synesthesia, experiences interpreted as telepathic...) and altered states of consciousness (ASC) are described in all societies of all ages. Even so, the scientists have long neglected the studies on this theme. To study AE and ASC is not necessary to share the believes we discuss, they can be investigated as subjective experiences and correlated like any other set of data. This article presents some methodological guidelines to explore these experiences, among them: to avoid prejudice approaches and to "pathologize" the unusual, the value of a theory and a comprehensive review of literature, using various concepts of pathology and normality, the investigation of clinical and non-clinical populations, development of new search instruments, to be careful to choose terms and to decide causal nexus, to distinguish experiences and interpretations, to take into account the role of culture, to evaluate the validity and reliability of reports, and the last, but not least, creativity and diversity in choosing methods.

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Psychiatric Contributions to Understanding Racism

Cited by 16 publications

References 90 publications

Global health disparities in vulnerable populations of psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Global health disparities in vulnerable populations of psychiatric patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Problems with non‐adherence to antipsychotic medication in Samoan new Zealanders: A literature review

Diretrizes metodológicas para investigar estados alterados de consciência e experiências anômalas

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